—'-ypnESDAY. APhIL 3. 19^0. GOOD EVENING EVEKYBODI: YW ws from Europe, war news^though not A 4 —battle. The British war cabinet is reorganized! Winston Churchill, a» colorful Fird Lord of the Admiralty, t* steps up s^an office that gives even, wider scope for his C3-<L dynamic energy. He does not, however, supersede Seville Chamberlain. yA The Prime Minister stays put. The new post of Winston Churchill ^evidently, a new title in the British governmental hierarchy isthat of jjenipr ^efens^MjnisterT^fiiat means he has direct control of every branch of King George1s military establishment, the Navy, which the British look upon as the senior service, the Army, and the Air Force. In other warder■410-4s -stillHe also is supreme boss of a branch of war work now"considered as important as any fighting arm:- service of supply. The sudden fashion in which this Cabinet upheaval was announced is more dramatic than the act itself. Criticism has been raging for weeks,tjMreughoTit--ft.ifig George* s LEAD - 2 Vl^tTW ur t*iia»Wrrain! The most criticized men have either been dropped out or shifted to other posts within the Cabinet. Most important of Lord Chatfield, Minister of 'I ^ CMAir ------ Defense Coordination, ttur.rtrnpg tvui . nr ».) ih fl^Tgi niiimi^ ont.-ireiy, A o Inside circles around Westminster saw some inkling of this when the Supreme Allied War Council met last week and Lord Chatfield was conspicuous by his absence. But there was no indication that this change would happen so quickly. Two other Ministers had been the object of unfavorable comment in the newspapers in the Parliament and on the streets. Sir Kingsley Wood, Air Minister, was considered to have fallen out, though not down. His new title down on his Job. He step. A is Lord Privy Seal. That’s an ancient gritish title and the man who holds it is considered fifth in importance among the officers of state. Actually, he has no salary and no job, just sits in on has heard about, Sir Samuel Hoare, part author of the Hoare-Laval** Agreement that caused such a rumpus when Mussolini was taking over Ethiopia. Though that t discredited him, Hoare has always —thfr-ahlmf dioie«t fr^ndTT^jt ^V-xl>~H-nrr i^nuir A -pttfelia n»a,—Hg^ i s Air Minister fserv^under Winston Churchill^ 'A Senior Minister of Defense. Herbert Morrison, Minister of Food, had a tough job, Mid paopi* didn’t liite the way he ran it. He becomes Postmaster A General and the new Food Minister is Lord Woolton, a British manufacturing tycoon, who has for a long time advised the Government on economics and finance. J f y^crt^ L'u-z*, Those are •? the only changes in the Chamberlain Cabinet, for there was a general shifting around of Ministers in Jobs, s Ham /V 4 but the ones mentioned are --------- 1 -- - a ------------ u»der9tan4% As was has been hinted for a long time that Churchill would get a more important job, evea that h»t ^ replace Chamberlain. Nevertheless, the announcement of this change which almost amounts to a revolution•inside the Cabinet, ' TF/Ae^u^ - >■ wmir Jiiggrt startling. LatMxtki3fcXMflMx-~AndrXT3u»^i: A circumstances of the announcement had a touch of comedy. Most of King George*s subjects learned the news through a Nazi broadcast LEAD - 4 from -Deriin. And this is how it happenedThe news was given out to British editors with instructions that it should not be released until tomorrow morning, which would have meant about eight oTclock Eastern Standard Time in the U.S.A. But the Nazis got wind of it, got the whole story with complete details. So thgr broke the news, broke it across the North Sea, much to the chagrin of the British newspapers. Bui_£tiE-lialttL£Irgekoir3fly Cl that the Tsstgaetions of-m ncwo rolwese—dats arc-hardly binding iil.ii.n i 'Prwmji .uni LPwmiifrw And as a matter of fact, if the Germans hadnTt beaten the British newspaper men to their own news, I would^t be able to tell you about it now^vv'i^L^. FOL l OV. Lr^r A bulletin that came in from Rome five minutes ago reports that British ships are in the Mediterranean, British warships, stopping vessels of every nationality. The report adds that the Italians are angry about it. If true, this means that the hritish Government is already tightening its blockade and it seems to indicate that the Churchill regime is already at work. REYfrAUD Th^ro l c n—goo 4 - doal ef news- today -f—gfioli. havo to. disaios pretty briefly since the primary—elections—in our owb - eoantry and the Cabinet changes in London have first call un^ d=. fj&Bjk I 11 ^ "Bgjtm :-nj ~ oiip intd^sst*-—So niiiBti wont tn oioowRere'r While Chamberlain was reorganizing his Government, Paul Reynaud, Premier of France, was broadcasting to the United States. He spoke in English, fluently and lucidly. The gist of his remarks was couched in American idiom; SS nphoney” peace; and he added:- nI didnft know this word phoney 1 before the war and I suppose that it means counterfeit.” Then he repeated emphatically, ”Therefs nothing phoney or counterfeit about this war in any respect.” ___ — Another event in Paris was a trial before a French Military Tribunal, a trial of forty-four Communists who used to be members of the Chamber of Deputies, k Nine of those thirty-five decamped some time ago and are fugitives. All forty-four were found guilty. The nine fugitives were sentenced in their absence to five years in prison. The thirty-five who were present were sentenced to various terms — twenty—seven of KEYNAUD - 2 them were sentenced to five years, eight to four years* They were all fined in addition* But sentences were suspended upon eight MARSHALL olv T^SayU mdei; significant couuaent on the war in Europe came d^*i from the mouth of an American soldier. The impcrtance of the comment C/ lies not so much in what that American soldier said but in what he implied. And the soldier was none other than General George C. Marshall, Cnief-of-Staff of tip3-nntr pd Army^ He was talking to a sub-committee of the House of Representatives on Appropriations and gave the Congressmen a warning. "If Europe blazes in the late spring ^ or summer," said our Chief-of-Staff, nwe must put our house in order uefore the sparks reach the Western Hemisphere*." Then he urged the Congressmen to face the facts of the existing crisis abroad. "If the situation grows more desperate," he*declared, "we should add to the number of seasoned troops in the regular army and the National Guard. But," he added, "these should be only temporary measures. Nevertheless, they should be taken definitely, step by step, to fortify ourselves against the possibility of chaotic world conditions." What the Army wants from Congress is two hundred and forty million dollars 1 worth of equipment, ammunition, rifles, artillery,^^ tanks. We need enough of that, he said, to furnish a protective force MARSHALL - 2 of about a million men, one million men which the Army would be prepared to put in the field within four months after outbreak of any war. But without that equipment, any number of men would be useless^ s G^ ol . CONTEST rlere 1 s something that makes me stop and think — think about China and the war in the Far East. It»s been days or perhaps a couple of weeks since I had occasion to tell anything about Japanese invasion and Chinese resistance. Yet the war is still on, ''ith many a new event and crisis — th t same China war which a couple of years a go filled the headlines and took a large place in any news broadcast. The answer^is of ^course that the conflict in Europe r ^ -n China. We Americans seem to be much more interested in the clash of the Allies and Germany — yes, more interesting — but which^concerns our interest more? I»ve been thinking about this, and alot of other people will be thinking about it — because of a new essay contest that was announced today^' attempt to develop American interest in the Far East. ^ ( 3 ffer^a series of prizes to college students, prizes for the best essays on th£pfc theme^J’Our Stake in the Future of China.” The China Essay Contest, working through academic institutions, seeks to make A us more av/are of the importance of the Far Eastern struggle to this notion____ fcU-o-A—f > CONTEST - 2 All of which reminded me how little attention in the news of late has beer^>aid to the Far East. So tonight letfs take a look across the Pacific and see whatfs happening on those Asiatic shores. CHINA Great Britain will not recognize the puppet government of ^hina, supported by the Japanese. There had been rumors that she would, especially after the speech made in Tokyo last month by Sir Robert Craigef", His Britannic Majesty^ Ambassador to Japan. That speech by Craigey~ was criticized as vehemently as the one that our own Minister, Jimmy Cromwell, made in Toronto. So today the Foreign Under-Secretary made a statement in the House of Commons. There is no question of the government’s wtarain changing its viewpoint regarding the legitimate government of China or the British desire to see a settlement of the Chinese-Japanese dispute on equitable terms^ . FLOOD A couple of years ago I wrote a book called "Hu^xy Waters", which was a picturesque way of describing a story about floods.S/ My principal memory of the Job of writing that tome is that it -tiksujL taugi.t me a lot of the geography of my^>wn rrmntix that I didn't Know be. ore, including names of rivers, an<jl so rUTWy In the xast few days I've^ twamed atrgg^pygn^more rivers 4 .u« 4 . T »t heard of before. For A Jt eVA?i^more riv f & le Ciiemunt. It sounds like the name of a big stream in China, doesn't it? On the contrary, it's in New York State, also the'Chenango. The news from theChemung and the Chenango, also the Susquehanna, is more favorable tonight - their waters are receding. Not so the Genesee, however. It reached a six and a half foot flood crest last night, and as the wv^ 5 v^y ^ weather announce there's more rain hhead, there^* trouble A A A around the City of Rochester, New York, in fact scores of families in that part of New York State found themselves unexpectedly living on islands, islands made by the flood, and by Coast Guardsmen, deputy sheriffs and volunteers. As a matter of f^pt, heavy rain started falling throughout up-state New York before noon^X In Pennsylvania it seems thA danger has passed. _ _ . 4 11 nicVvb and all day on a two hundred The Susquehanna "as dropping ill nigm anu * FLOOD - 2 mile front. The refugees, who number up in the thousands, had the exacting task of going back to their homes mi start cleaning A the mud ^thn'h rwvn ^ And heref s flood news from Europe, news that may have a significant bearing on the war. In Belgrade, capital of Jugoslavia, there are at least a million acres under the water that should have been in the beds of the beautiful blue Danube and the Sava. That of course means that the ice is going out, the ice in the past •# historically severe winter, which for months put a stop to all river traffic on the Danube. Now the traffic is interrupted, but only temporarily. All the same, that flood in southeasternEurope is reported as the most severe in sixty years. CONTEMPT In St.Louis, an editor and cartoonist were sentenced to Jail today. A Circuit Jud^e in St.Louis imposed that sentence on ;\ctlph Coghlan, chief editorial writer of the famous POST-DISPATCH, ~ . . . . (TVN one of the greatest newspapers in the country, and Cartoonist Daniel R. Fitzpatrick, them guilty of contempt of court. The managing editor had also been cited, but the case against him was dismissed because the court held that a managing editor has nothing to do with editorial comment. The Pulitzer Publishing Company, publisher of the paper, was also found guilty-and fined two thousand dollars. Editorial Writer Coghlan received a two hundred dollar fine and twenty days in Jail; Cartoonist Fitzpatrick a hundred dollars and ten days in Jail. to*What's it all about who imposed that sentence. It all arises out of labor troubles between the motion picture operators' union and the motion picture fellow theatre owners in St.Louis. A named Nick, who used to be 'j&qoirQ head of the union, was charged with having accepted a^bribe from the theatre owners, Nick and a state legislator named Brady. The Judge of one Circuit Court dismissed the charges against Nick and Brady. iHC- ---- ? ^ severe criticism of the Judge CONTEMPT - 2 Another Circuxt Judge in a civil suit, f:tauul:x±to* found them guilty and ordered Nick to pay ten thousand dollars into the treasury of his union. This vias the subject of most caustic comment and cartooning in the ST.LOUIS POST-DISPATCH, br"*- crusades.o^=ttaLt ~yof%t> Hence tt*r Jail sentence on the newspaper men today. The first case of that sort that has cropped up in several years. PRIMA-XE-g 'X Those primary elections in Wisconsin and ttew York, have tr.e whole country talking. Around every cracker barrel — or what takes the place of a cracker barrel in a modern store, the gossips were discussing the returns, principally those in Wisconsin. Decidedly, politics are getting hot, hot and interesting. Apparently the vote for Tom Dewey in the Badger State, where he V led Michigan Senator Vandenberg by almost two-to-one, was the dramatic focus of most Mm arguments* A lot of deductions are being made from the ballotting in Wisconsin. Republican leaders throughout the nation were particularly jubilant earlier in the da*y when the eg-ttiy figures tended to show that more Republicans went to the poles than C\. margin. And Democrats. Later tabulations corrected frhat, anyway you look at those Wisconsin figures, they show a revolutionary change in Wisconsin sentiment from Nineteen Thirty-Six, when President Roosevelt swept the state by a large majority. And so the Republicans are still jubilant, they point to the plain fact that /J Republican sympathies are on the climb. PRIMARIES - P one v;>j^e^in Uasnii^^on spoke >i^to throw verbal coVd water. lAwas the vibe of Pro^essive Senatoi declared tnat thos^ returns donVt mean so much use tue Progressives, his own supporters, did not go to the ^ ^I*a Follette. He bee And it bec^aes more til^n ever cle^p that the La^ollettes hold th^sbalance of '>J^er In their\state. Another fact emerges clearly from the adding machines in Milwaukee: the Wisconsin Democrats have no prejudices against a third term, ^JThe President led the primary polls over Vice President Garner by three to one. One ol the interesting comments oh the primary elections came from Dallas, Texas, uttered by E. B. Germany, Chairman of the Garner-for-President National Committee. Garner's Chairman die said that the V/isconsin results clearly show that the two-term A tradition will be respected. He added that Mr. Roosevelt could rurtd , . not be elected if nominated and * third term is dead. He said )i\S7 . , ^ n further that Roosevelt's vote was swollen by an army of job-holders A and check receivers. New Yorkers voted pretty much like the folks in Wisconsin, Dewey le" The New York delegation, ninety-two PRIMARIES - 3 strong, will go to Philadelphia uninstructed. But on the first b&Ilot at least seventy-seven of those ninety-two will be for On the other si.ie of the fence, itfs Roosevelt in New York also, Iii i-onr congressional districts, candidates who wanted to go t ^ tne convention and vote against a third term were signally defeated. cTvO