~-~~ _-_-_~ _ - _ -:~-----, - - c.,. - P.~J. ~ . .!!.p.t'J,t1"1: In Paris tod.a , before the U nited Natio s Gener 1 Assembly 1 Seoretar _ of S a , e Marsh a ll n e d Russia not to mistake the p a tience of the United stat s for ax we ess . ~ The keyno e of h s sp ech ~ ~ - 9J\ t.he fear of war, whictsaid - . is everywhere in t.he w r ld, Be quoted fro the U N charter, itten three years ~'~ ago,,.! I" s s: "We, the peo c les of the United Nations, re determined to save succeeding generations from the scour <l e of war" Th a t being tl e pur .. ose of the U • INF-+ •Now, three years l ate lj" said our Secretar., of ~ ~ o,,/"'f' savj.ng state,A.1• ue'bonfronted with the need of ... e+■i& not onljr ,~ A " A succeeding generations, but our own•. Be IIMa pedg ed that. th e United states will seek to end the present tension and uncertainty in every w~ possible. "But,• he went on "AJaerica will not compromise essential ' I principles or barter aw~ the rights and freedoms of other peo :..J&• Then he described what he• termed "the elelllt!ntary require en l for pea ce"~, that internation l obligations be respected, and that relations amo the states of the world be bas don mutu a l consi n erat · on, respect and tolerance. IIABSHALL - 2 If the world wants peace, added our Sec:r;etary of State, we m~t se~e the is ues arising out of the last war. He urged th at every e ffort be made to achieve an early and just peace, 80 th t Japan and Gert any can exist as democratic and peaceful ations. ()l the question of atomic eRergy, Secretary Marshall suggested the early a d option of international controls which will provide for the elimination of atomic wea p ona and the developaent of atomic energy for peaceful purposes onJ.y. Ani--W.. Me · ent on to speak of human rights and fundamental freedoms, calling for worldwide freedom-of-.the- 1P,#e , _ _;, J individual from arbitrary arrest and detention. J. that systematic and deliberate denials of basic human rights threaten the existence of the U N:J J"•It is not• only fundamentaly wrong that millions of men and women live ind ily terror of secret policejsubject to seizure, ill~risonment or forced laboi;,•continued the American statesman, •but these wrongs have repercussions in th community of nations.• On the matter of our US foreign policy, he left no doubt in the minds of the delegat e s on any point~-Our differences with }ll!§PJJ, - 3 Russia, the Palestine problem, Iorea, Greece, India oo Pakistan 1 and Indonesia. In his warning to Russia he said th t f1D¥ gov e rnment that cuts ft►-! itself and its peo p le off from the rest of the world by deliber a te action, becomes incapable of understanding the problems and p-JikxpwJtk p olicies of other governments and other pe plea. Be didn't •ntion Russia, or her satellites, by naae. And the tone of h ia apeech was tempered nen conoiliato17. So from auoh so that it even drew prais~ ._A the foreip ainiaters of Poland, and CsechoalOYakia, key men among the a aatellites. They praised it as •oala, quiet and non-provocative.• .. ADD IIARSHALL Yeanwhile tensi on over the Berlin blockade con inues. In Paris today Sir Hartley Shawcross of the Britisa d ~ legation, reiteratea_... to newsmen, that the b We~tern Allies are definiteJ, going to submit the Berlin crisis to the U N Gener o.l Aseemb'.cy if Russia's repq to the latest note to the Iremlin is unaatisfact,ory. ---0--.. ~e r\llOr ia in Paris tonight is that the Moscow radio is broadcasting a sta teme nt along about now, s\lglesting that Russia will quit the UN;- the RuSsian delegates to tage a ~out if the Berlin question is put before the General Assembq. Asked how such a threat would influnce the decision of the Western Allies Sir Hartley Sbawcross bra.oi e d the Mo s cow radio threat as another Russian bluff. ---0--- Late word from Paris: British French and AJDerican +LI-~ experts are busy drafting the documen~ ~~ put the . A ' Berlin situation• before the U.N. Ambassador Bedell Smith, US. Ambass ad or to Russia, has been rec al led to Washin n for consult ations - - on the Berlin crisis, So s9¥s otn' state Department, alli adding that h i s trip home is merel3 routine procedure. In ashington tonight anoth e Iron Curtain diplomat breaks wi h his Comnnmist o inated country. Gener 1 . . , _ l(od.elski - the Polish Military Attache says he has refused an oroer by his government to return ho e. That he will ~ ~ ~.;. ,:- * sanctuary it the United states for himself and .a'9 fami:cy. ~ MN~~~~~ llodelski chargesihe Polish ArrrrJ has been a bl~ t:;,olof " at.~ Rulsia., l l f t M ! ' a ~ • ~ 8'bliwW!w that the present /\ Polish CoDlnunist government is persecuting the Polish Rational ~ . <Jiurch - whiit he describes as •the I.Ast Independent institut.ion A in his homelandw. PAilSTINE (1n Tel Aviv, th ~ Israeli government offers a - reward of twenty thousand dol l ars for inform a tion 1 .. aa.ing to the arre s t of the a ss a ssin of Count •w■lx Bernado t te nd his French aide. In making the announcem e nt Premier Davi d Ben aurion brands the murderers as cheap patriots who, says he, have inflic ed. the . severest blow yet received by the oung sta t e of Israe1/ He added that measures have been taken to prev e nt Jews from taking the law into their own hands. ---0--- As for Count Bernadotte's Palestine peace proposals, the Isra e li government says it welcome s the martyred mediator's assertion th a t Israel should be fecognized as a sta e. But, that Israel wants Je~em; a]!p ti'seap o rt of Haifa. Ani1-'~ ,,,..., ~ boundaries, they want a s ettlement, ~ formal agreement, between them se lv s and t he Ar a bs -- not ~ the thi t ed Nations. In France, five milli on work er s are et to st ge a two-hour w llco tom rrow; a pro tes t ga i nst the gover n ment granting a fifteen pe rcent wa e incre a e . They want t · rt -£hree percent incre se. Tom rrow•s walkout w il l h 1t · a11 t ains , shut down gas and ele ctric power plants, and cu t o ff 11 tele hone and other co mm wiic tion s rvices thr · h out France - for two hours. In Paris busses and subwey-s will be o u t all day, also all shops and factories closed. For fear of riots. (Non-Commwiists as well as CommlDlists to take part., This being the French trade unions' first major chal l enge to Premier QUeuille•s middle of the road government.) PALEST.!l!E Aih ATIAC! - An Arab transport plane shot down today - on the border of Palestine and Syria - by a Russian Yak fighter flown by an Israeli pilo~. The news dispatch tells of the pursuit plane trail~ng the Arab transport - all the time sending it radio messages, 0rdering it to land. When the Arab pilot paid no heed the Israeli fighter shot down the transport nine miles, over . the Rills of Moab in Trans- jordania, perhaps right over ~t. Pisgah - where Moses got hie only view of the Promised Land. Three of the Arab ' plane's occupants were killed, two English correspond•nta and an Arab - who jumped when the t~anspor~ seemed headed for certain de~truction. But the Arab pilot landed safely and got the rest of bis _ passengers out, just as his plane burst into flames. TROYAN In Los Angeles tonight Yr. Trum a n ma de a b old bid to lure votes away fro H enry w a lace in this allace stronghold of California. Be led off by saying there were some p~ople with true liber~l convictions whose worry over the state of t h e world has caused them to lean towards a Third party~ But he said, a vote for the Third p~rty can ' only weaken the efforts of the Democrat to build a healthy nation and a peaceful world. Further, he said, a vote for the Third party plays into the han~s of the Republican forces of reaction. President Truman called this y~ar•~ _ political struggle 'a championship fight." •And I am convinced," aaid he, "that the American people are solid on the idea tba nobody deserved to win a championship fight, running awa7.• Be added that the Republican Congress had murdered housing legislation at the bidding of what he termed "the real estate lobby." Earlier at Burbank, California, fol k s assembled ' to geeet the President, witnessed the h ealing of a political disagreement. Thef saw James Roosevelt climb a board the TROYAN -2 -·------ rear platform of the Presidential train and grasp the President's hand. The same Jimmie Roosevelt who sponsored a pre-convention attempt to substitute ~isenhower for Truman - today burying the hatchet for the benefit of the photographers and party unity. . - FOLITICS President Trum~,today warned his audience of farmers and ranchers that they h a d grown whnt he termed fat and rich under the democratic administra~ion. Th t they had bec9me almost "economic royalists". And, becaUBe they didn't come out and vote in Nineteen Forty-Six they had allowed the country to be entangled with the Republican Eightieth do-nothing Congress. If the Republicans win this year, he s a i d ~ the farmers of Fresno, #!,on]3 get •the wulid■ cl'Ullba•. The '4sident D (:or Miss that /arm, Meanwhile Governor Dewey arrived in Arizona, vrith high hopes of winning that traditional Democratic State, for the first time in t\Yenty years. "In Phoenix tonight Governor Dewey declared himself on atomic energy. "The Unit e d states" aiixlm said he, "will keep its atomic secrets until threat of war is removed. But, tlus monopol1 must end, once peace is guaranteed.• (For the m~nt Govemment mOllOpo]y on atomic Rf secrets and its development for mil~tary uses must be maintained at all costs.) --.-0--- Go · ernor W a r e n ~ stopped at Cincinnati todey, for a platfom a_ eeoh; cln d t h e n ~ Columbus where . ~ ~ , / f - A A ' M =w 1HmOiM9~ ~~ the State G O Conv e ntion tonight • .A " 1'. If Go ernor Dewey becomes Presid nt, promised Governor Warren, o we will have no m o re tro bie with commwiists in our government.~ he added that he believes the present administration -- the Truman administration - has sel"V'e i t s usefulness t.o the ---0--- SUBST! LACE As for Henry ' allace, he o jnt oledo, ' h ere· he charged he Truman admini s ration of per---,,,.~~ ha tie called " ure humbug justify ts failu to press claims for t o billion I dolla ft'O the- ra lro a s . " · allac charinB that th r roads had -tt.;t-~ defrauded th gov rnm · nt o · ~ a■ durine . A · A e r era. "/ llace IV!S1tiA8 !1.11 'tQJee _ ,o on th fir st leg of an ei ht t housa nd five hundred ..,. cam aign tour • • HUNZAS There is something about mountains th a t se e ms to make human beings strong. Something about life in the mountains that puts extra vitality in peo p le. M untaineers from the dam of history have been fighters. Wb1? Becau s e it is so difficult to extract a living from the rocks and crages, the Highlands of Scotland, the mountains of Transylvania, the high plateaus o f the Caucasus and the barren jagged peaks of Afghanistanr That isn't the full explanat ~ on. I wonder if the minerals in the mountain soil have aeything to do with it?(\f Qt-~ ~ ~ Englishman and an American testify to the . . .rva. .. .ti. remarkable health of a moun:ain people in/\ Central Asia, in 'FQI'\.. - °""' r;:/', .. " Iashmir, •=- mountaiwhere folll" cotmtries come together: /\ A ,,< Iashmir which is a part of India, Afghanistan to the West, the Soviet Republic of Bokhara, to the North; and Sinkian, a remote province of China to the F,ast) . "f TNt ~.,l...:,, The Hunzas claim to be descended from three soldiers A . of Alexander The Great who lost their way among the gorges and --~> ·LA, mi towering peaks of the Himala_}'as. They live in a gorge surr o un de d by mountain .. that average over DD twenty thousand " feet, in height, and sUIT o unded by some of the largest glaciers on earth outside the Arctic and Antarctic. ..r According to the - BUMZAS - 2 Englishman,Sir Robert lk>CaITison, and the American J. I. Rodale I "J who has just written a book about them, ntitled 'The Healtcy a.~ Bunzasj they are the he lthiest people on earth, just about the A most amiable) and 1 they live in an atmosphere of peace. They ha e ne"ous systems of tmusual stability. An they live to a great age,-- gyspepsia, ap p endicit:i,J, colitis, cancer, and many other ailments so common al among civilized peo . le a ; p arently are unknown to them. One of the greatest explorers of our time, Sir Aurel SteinJaa,s that they don't seem to know the meaning of the word •tired", and that they bathe in a glacier fed rivei;, in mid-winter, as casually as we step into a tepid bath. The . &Jnerican author J. I.Rodale1who is an expert on or anic gardening, believes that the Hunzas are the he a lthiest peo p le in the world.,. for a number of re sons~ such as:-the vigorous life they lead, the f a ct that they a re abstemious, reared in the natural way as tiny infants; but more than anything else, ~ bee use they eat what he calls the "unso p histicated foods of nature•. B1liZAS - 3 character, our intelligence, our relation with one another• is governed largely by what a we eat. He beli.eves that maey of the gr e at civilizations of the past, disappeared part,l¥ because the people exhausted the fertility of their soils. Be f\.ll<C.~.r.tA..-et--t-~ ~ ..,.. • • ~ st\l)J the Hunzas of ,ar Iashmir ~- find out w~' they have such marvelous health. In Cl velan, Ohio, tw o cit p li cemen s t out today t o test the afK ef fects of alcohol - in the interest of safety. Th a t is, they thema.e l ves got intoxic ated , with the full a pp roval of the a uthorities. Befor e drinking measured quant ities o f li ~u or, the wo ere ask ed to sort decks of ma card s int o s u its in numerical order. The tim e for this was noted. After e a ch drink e a c h olic e man was tm tested vi a the oity•s "drunkometer• a device to measure th e alcohol on a . motorists breath. Patrolman Schaefer, intoxicated, amazed the jwiges by sorting the cards mor ra .id ly than when he was sober. But, he m ad e two mistakes. Thereu - o n he threw down the cards in disgust. His partner? Oh he nod d ed and fell asl,ep. FU>WERS Here's a story t ha t mi g ht ha ve ins ired O'Henry. Thirty y e a rs ag o, Cameli a O lsen, a rriving from Denmark, found work as a seams t ress in a New York ga rment factory. She ma d e no fri e ~ds and sh e found ltfe i n America lonely - and barren -- until she d iscovered the Brook]J'n Batonical Garden, which she said, remind e d her of her f ath er's garden in Denmark - where she always intended to return. Day after day she s pe nt her llllloh hour, and her week- ends too, amid the shrubs and flcuver s of the Brookzyn Botanical Gard e n. Cameli a , named• a f t e r a flo w er, spen d ing a part of each d a , ? the flowers. As the sands- dropped in the hour glass ""' . and the years pa ssed, she worke\ in the f a ctory, and l ived ill alone.., in her tiny room. Her on~ p leasure, the flo w ers in that municipal garden. And ho w does a. r fhis g et · in . the news? Well, todq the Br oklyn Botanicalflilroen is richer by seven tho usan d dollarS . . . . , . -- left~ Camelia Ols e n, in gratitude for the only happlD6 s she says she ever knew -- among those flo ers.f In all the t h irty years in which she visi ed the Garden, she n e v e r s pok e t a member of th e staff. n e v e r asked a ques ti on , never told her name . ! ' LOWERS -3 -- But now the little old lady will long be remembered -- for the Botanical Garden now baa ita CameliJ Olsen Fund, for the purchase of aore flower• -- for Brooklynites and others to enjoy. And now, Nelson, what fro• you? '