L. T. OLDS, FISHER: THURSDAY, 11th OCTOBER 1963 (Richard C. Hottelel) SOVIET Marsh al Jo s i P Broz Tito has been t It e le ad er of Communist Yugoslavia since he and his partisaNs tool, up arn1s i,a the mountaiNs of ltis homelaNd IN tlae s11n1n1er of 1941. This did Not happen, iNcidentally, until Bitler lead iNvaded Russia and brollen tlle frieNdslai/1 /lact witla Stalin. Tllereafter Tito fougllt Not only tl,e Nail INvaders, but also his /lolitical enemies - fo•glit for 1,is co1u1try 's iNdependeNce a•d for /Ioli tic al /IOt11er. Be loed tl1e Soviet liNe very closely in tl,ose days - altl,ougli doubts n1ay llave beg11n to stir wlaen Mosco• toltlf,im not to proclaim 1,is ow,a partisa,a gover,an1e,al. He did so any way. Ha v i11g f ougla t I, is own way to II, e top, will, most of lais help com i,ag from tl,e wes I, he never knuckled under to Stalin completely - and Stalin threw him out of the Comiform in 1948. Si,ace tllen lie SOVIET - 2 has run a communist state on curvey coast betwee11 East and West. Be has been to Moscow ofte11. For years lie has angled for an i11vitation to the Wlaite Bouse. roday la e made it. He was t1,e first communist laead of state i,evited to Waslalftgton shace Khr•slacltev's visit '" 1959. INTRODUCTION TO TAPE It's time now for our nightly report from Lowell Thomas - tlais one dealing with lhe Far East. Lowell RED CHINA HI THERE DICK, HELLO EVERYBODY: AN 1011 lntereated to know how a natlon ot the Orlent looka at another natlon ot the OrlentT Well, let•• ooul4er aoae Japaneae oplnlona ot Red Chlna. A poll baa bNn taken and lt ahowa that thl people ot Japan Ylft the Red giant aCl'OII the SN ot Japan - 1n at 1 - t two np. PlNt, reaemblt.ng Japan - becaue tM Chine•• and Japana11 do haYe age-old raclal, o\lltural tl••· Bllt, Reel Cblna la oonaldered IDlllke Japan - tor an abYlou reuon • . China • Red. Japan 11 not. nit,, a nenpaper poll - reprinted 1n t h e - • • Sald one JapL'WI• bualneaa man - "th••• tactora lnYoln oontradlotlona I lcnOW." But he added - that the belllprenoe ot Mao Tl• 'lUDi 11 nallJ being exaggerated. Be thlnka that Nao wlll •••ntuallJ glv• up hla belligerence - glYe lt up tor IION a-ad• wlth the Pree World. lapeclallJ - wlth Japan. RED CBDA - 2 A Japaneae polltlolan took much the aame llne - troll a polltloal angle. Rla theor, being • that them wlll be no 4lplomatlo break betwen Kuala and Red China. But that the ataaerlng holtllltr wlll prevent an, reawaptlon or the old Reel alllanoe. ·••ult, Peking IION -nabl• to tntematlonal A th1N Japaneae emphUlad • the tore• ot the hlatorl Chlnlae olllture. le thlnkl that the Narxlat tanatlola■ wlll lnd114 gnduallJ be 4llute4 • bJ the reaurgenoe ot the Contlaollil phllNophJ Whloh wlll have the etteot ot ourblng the pre1ent war•llke mentalltJ ot Peking. Ve all hope ao. !heae three oplnlona aeem to be t7ploal ot the poll that wu recorded ln Toqo. The Japane1e taking tbelr hlator, wlth a long Yl•. Sure that hlato17 la on the al4e ot the PNe Vor14 • 1n tM 4•1 wltb Red China. Solong, BRITAIN In Ille years just before World War Two, Britain's Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain was in trouble - Antl,ony Eden and others quit tire Cabhaet because of wlrat tliey called llis af>f>easement policy - and Ricllard Austen Butler was 1>11t uf> by Cllamberlal,e to defend tliose policies. TII is move to tla e great disg•s t of Wl11sto11 Cllu-rcl,ill and Harold Macmilla11. l,a rece,at years, tl,e q•iet feud betaoe-,a Prime Mi,alste-r Mac111lll•11 a11d Butler - 110w defl•ly Prime Ml11lste-r - laas ret,ortedly smouldered, a11d it may be a Jae tor i,a tlae claolc• of a 11ew leader. Tomorrow, Prime Minister Macmilla11 is ext,ected to lta11d his resig11atio11 to qu•e11 Eliaabetla, leaving a gaf> in tlae leaderslaifl of Britaha a,ad tlae Co11se-rvative Party. Butler is a,Hd to be favored for the f>ost by many party members, but Macmilla,a is -reported doubtful tlaat Butler ca11 comma11d ll,e loyalty. KING The Reverend Martin Luther King announced today tllat his direct action movement against segregation ltas received a temporary setback - mainly because ltis demonstrations produced resentment amollg some w1aite Nortlrer11ers. But the t,lrilosopltical Reverend Ki,ag said tlais is tire "ki,ad of setback necessary to make Ille Jo,.r,aey alaead". If it la ad ,. o t come ,. o"', la e •aid, it •o•ld lave come at some time ;,. tlae future. Ki,ig's o,aly reactio,a - move s teadtly for.,ard and ultimately the goal will be reaclted. NOBEL PRIZE Two Britons and an Australian have shared the 1963 Nobel Prize for medicine by solving a problem whicl, puzzled psysiologists for a hundred years. Tl,e E11glislim•,a- Alan Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley and Sir John Eccles of Australia were awarded the 41 thousa11d dollar prize for tlaeir discoveries coneerning t11e "meclaanizms involved i,e exciti,ag a,ed inliibiting tlie nerve cell membra,ee". T"e t.,o Brl tis" sc ie,atis ts were the first to m eas11re - precl•ely tli e d•ra ti o,e a,ad s tre ,egtl, of ti, e ,eervous imp11 ls e. Tl,ey • 110.,ed it las ts o,ae - tlio11s a,cdtl, of a sec and a11d ""• ,,.e pote,etial stre•gtlt of about one-te,etl, of a volt. WEST GERMANY The first West German Cabinet meeting under new Cha11cellor Ludwig Erhard was just a little different from all those held d•ring the last 14 years with Ko,arad Adenauer presiding. For the first time in Bonn Republic, Cabinet Members gaily puffed cigarettes a,id cigars. Smoking wasn't e~ac tly banned in Dr. Ade,aauer 's presence, but - as a government source put it today - it 10as frow,aed ut,o,a, a,ad in defere,.ce to "Der Alte" ,.o OJte ever did smoke. Today the Cabinet members told tlaere 10as ,eo objectio,e. And Claancellor Erllard, 10io, as Eco,eomics Mi,aister steadfastly observed tlae no smoii,eg ritual - was ti, e first to ligll t up. He is ide,ttified 10itla a ~igar about as mucll as Wi,es to,e Clturclaill. A,ed ie i• tlee only statesman we know wl,o has a brand of cigars ,eamed after him - The Professor Erhard - as ro'.f,ed a,ed t,leasa,et a,ad mellow as Ille ma,e himself.