JIAllSBALL (secretary <£ State Marshall today told leaders of - ~ongre s s all about his plan to help Euro p e. First, ~ergency help, money for a stop-gap. Be aska fiye. hundred-and-ninety-seYen million dollars, immediate11) Of this, three-hundred-and-twenty-eight aillioa to go to France, forty-two million to Austria, and two- bandred-and-twenty-seven million to Italy -- to tide tho•• countries oyer until the end of Yarcb. Thia eaergency help to be an outright gift, no question ot repayment. Much of it to consist of food, aa■iJ fael, fertilizer, seeds and aedical supplies. Five { As for the long-tera figures: Seven Bllllona, Bu~red Millions, to be divided among sixteen nations of western Europe, during~ fifteen-month period _ beginning April First.) After four years, th• Marshall Plan e~timates the need+f Western Europe at from sixteen to twenty billions. This is considerably more than the figures of the Harrfman Comaittee, which put aid at twelve to seventeen billion. The Secretary of State set forth his 11m yARSBALL - 2 purpose as being to help the European nations support theaaelves as quickl7 as possible, and thereb1 help recovery throughout the world. Bis prograa, aa7s General Marshall, is one of construction, production and recover7. le declares that it aenacea nobod7 and aeeka no special adyantage -- pursuing no ainlater purpo1e for th~ United States. Be paid bis compltaenta to Russia, char11D1 the Soviet Onion with a deliberate plan to ba■per econoaic recovery of the western European nations. Therationa receiving our help will be aakad to sign contracts to adopt money reforms so as to aaintain stabilit7 in price and cost structures. Th•J aust also undertake to increase'production, to increase . . their output of coal and basic food, also to cooperate in reducing barriers to trade and to promise increased interchange cf goods and services. W hat's more, each countr1 receiving aid must let its people know that it coaes froa Oncle Sam. The reason for this bein& that the Soviet Onion claimed the credit throughout the eastern countries for what we sent them -- and continues to claim that credit. But, countri~s receiving aone1 troa Uncle Saa will not have to spend it over here. They are to ~u,, ao far aa poasible, tro■ _other countries, ever,lbln1 that i• acarce tn the United States. Thia partly to protect ua a1ainai inflation over here. ln important feature of the prograa ia that, Uncle Saa will encourage private capital to tate a pro■ inent band in tbe recon1truction of Europe. Further detail• wi]l be presented to Congress when the special session gats underway next londa7. Then President Truman, in person, will say more about the flan. ,. Later, during the session there will be a supplementary proposal for aid to China. The Chinese and their government should be left to .olve their own fundamental problems themselves,, says General Marshall; MARSHALL=-' but, we should give them certain economic help to ■ate their job easier. In the text of his program, the Secretary of State used these words: "le ■uat , not permit the free oo■■unity of Europe to be extinguiahed; tor, should it occur, it would be a st tra1ed7 for the world.le ■uat not tail to meet this inspiring challenge,• aaid he. Be frankly ad■ ita that he unnot 1u~rantee the aaooeaa of hi• plaD, cannot pro ■ lae that it will definitely stop ttie progre s of Coa■uni••• The riak1, he explain•, are real, but the1 have been carefull7 ' calculated; and, he added: •1 believe the chances of success are good.• [llll~§filf_IR&ll The Friendship Train -- t i s good-will train collecting food for starving Europe -- rolled away froa Ogden, 0tah, today with t h ree cars added. These cars loaded with Utah wheat and ■ ilk• fhe Friendahip Tr in i• now thirty-one carloads long, rolling out of the lest to the Atlantic ~oaat where the food will be e ■ptiad into freighter• to be carried to lurope•a hunar1 countriea. One of these two carloads of wheat loaded up in Ogden, Utah, waa presented by the Church of the Latter Day Sainte; the other bought with fund~ aubacribed by the Utah Lion•' Club•. At Green Ri•er, IJoaing, anot~er four care were adaed -- one of lyoaing condenaed ailk; three carload• of flour and sugar froa Seattle; crackers and sugar froa Portland; and wheat fro• Pendleton, Oregon. It's good news that this Friendship Train is getting longer at each stop, heavy going for t h e two aighty en g ines of the Union Pacific Railroad that are pu l lin g it East -- a heavy burden of g ood tllll~§R!f_Illl! - 2. eating and lite-au1taining ene~gJ tor the people of atar•ing Europe -- the A■ erjcan rriendabip Train. \ Dff1'11itIOI . . People mo nn rolbed or mnctled i,, tm 11am are Pini to baYe • ~ cblnce ot NCOYering their propert7. 911lt la, 9 M Gonn.1nt 1il C l e ~ tod•~ lllnOaDNd WHNI tor Ntuld.al a OOlll1deftbl• YOl- ot laa1 loot to . . . rilllv.1 !'IMa PN,ertJ Conbol otftoe ot A.I.I. 1a - b11Jlt91 - n1MtNa tbau.lallll propertle1, wbo1e ftlael 11 ....... a, ... , n .. ,1111., tour lllmdNd 111111-■• '1111 u.a. btp prcw1lpW t.be law an lta · own aoeount:. It prortd•• tbat *• propert1•• a l l be Nltored to all people wbo . . . . lo1t 1.11111 throqb tNDNot1on■ under dure11 or ar111n1 out ot 41acr1111nat1on becauae ot race, re11Clon, nat1aaal1tJ, 1deolog and pol1t1oal oppoa1tion to lational Social1•. t i 1.1.G. ,1nano• Cbiet calculates that aoaewbere between ellbty and ntut1 per oent ot the rightful 0tmera are Jewa. on the aubJect ot Paleat1Da. A real aurprlae traa JAake Sucoe••~ 1'be d1tf•1n1•• between Uncle SUI and the 8"1et 1Jn1on are belJII 1rwd oat. After ween ot nept1Attng, the two •~or powen ue reaob:2111 a worllable oGlllpl'GIIUe. t i • . . . . . t1on boY• 1D ■ilbt todQ, ... * lcwlet Uld.an ■alllltted. plan llhiob pnaiNI. •Nonr, a cleo111an on tm tutun ot the IIDlJ Land '1 . . -- cllttertnoe with the u.1 • .1. l a t o-• tba pNpONl *' tlll ;artltlon of Pale■tt.m ... 11 be pat into etteot bJ ta nnt ot Jul.J", on wblch 497 tm Dft Arab ad Jewllb State• MCGIii independent. '!bat wlll lea•• a tranaltlon period tNil IIQ Pint mt11 July Plrat. ')- { No1t 11lportant ot all la a caaproa11e clauae on the - . - PILMTIII - 2 C!' ) ' --~,,..◄--•◄ ~ United latlonal General A•••b:17 to 1uper1Dtend tbe prooe1a ot A d1Y1d1ng up tbe Bolt Lind and eatabll■hinl tboae tree••'-•· Laat aonth Ru11a wanted th11 CGaliaaion to o~l•t ot 1111it.c., elnen natlona on the SecurltJ Council, inoludlill the Bl.I Jlw, 1 wblch would haft enabled Ru11a to bloot ~ 111r 1a1 - ot Iba "'°· au11a ftOlf COD11ent1 to ba•U. tbe 01 11WL..- · aCIIIPOled ot tbNe or 11ff ae . aben, all to be npre-•tt -11 • t l w . tia em 1■■1• to be appotaMd "1 lie Gea••l 1 woalcl> Ullllblt. Bonnr, 1" ◄13\ N pl ... bJ tba iaaUll8t1 ~ ' leeurlg COllaetl. U tt.~ eta augp1tlGD -=- aooepW • mtle d.- - ,- ~ • Altboqb tbe Brt.tllb 111.Ddate•wouJ.d CNH WIiier tbll e,P4'(' ~ p ~ l' IQ 11nt, Brlt1ah toroea woul~~ on an'tll .Juli' Pint; •• 1 ns to preaene law and order. Th11 propoaal wu conaideNd todq bJ an 1111 euoutt.•• Hllllon ot delegate• troll tbe Sovlejs,Quataala, Canada and tbl U.S.A. Uncle SUI'• delegltlon illlediateq accepted Jlq ,1 .. at aa the date tor tile end ot the 111ndate, changing the pbraaeolog ot the SoYiet resolution to provide that ~~t~ ~ PIIclM'ID - 3 lbOGld be etteot1Ye not later than JU~ JPlrat. T - " - to-a&h Job Will be the tonmlattaa ot u. tmuaotlw ti tll9 -,.nlaton of Pale■tlnl , , tlie c, talon cl1a1al -.. tM . .t1c1 ot tbe -.rs.aua dele11tt• 1■ le - • .._ . . . ,.... •lttiaJ an4 ooopnate nth. ■pint of IIIPIS:N tbeJ' an now ahodJII. BRITAIN The ATtlee government got to work in earnest today on ~ . one of its most serious),nrpoae";t ~ That is, to break the~power of the House of L o r d s . ~ The upper Chamber of King George's Parliament has stood fast against several of the Socialistic measures that the Labor government has tried to put over. The Deputy Prime Minister told the Connons today that, ~ with its present powers, the House ot ~td~ co'1ld cut down substantially the effectiveness ot the majority 1n the House ot Lords. Unless something is done, added the Prime Minister, the Lords can prevent the Labor Government from nationalizing the iron and steel industries and putting into effect thereat or its Socialization program. ~ Some members want to abolis~the ~~i_t~ry principle or the peerage.~ Others are determined that the Lords should be elected Just as members of the ::"' "'se of Conaons. ~~~ Still others would •lnli■h ti• IIOIIW9==0{ Lords altogether • ..(_ / PRISONER A young American woman walked onto New Y o rk soil today from the gangi;lank of a liner, tree after two-and-a-half years as a slave laborer in Russia. What, ehe teld newep&peraeu: !fSS = Jl rivt:d eddtt!en ~ we•~• heard a b o u t : 2 j ~ /\.. • Irma M<Jhaupt was born 1n Cincinnati, or Hungarian parents. When she was six years old her rather took her to Jugoslavia. '!here she lived through the Nazi occupation more or less unharmed. But five days bexore Christmas Nineteen Forty-tour, the Russians entered the village. 'Ibey took all the girls off to work, retused to tell their parents where they were going. !I'll& was 1n a gang taken first to the Ukraine, ~ 4 . then to Moscow • . . , were set to carrying bricks a and cement, --- and driving trucks1'working, us she put it, "111- horses / , to rebuild the cities the Germans had wrecked." And, said thia American girl, "we didn't complain because there was no one to listen." Their food consisted mostly of thin soup. They worked PRISONER - 2 all day, didn't care much what they ate or where they slept. She saw old men and women waste away to skin and bones 1n the labor camps, then fall and die. A cousin of hers heard through the underground what had happened to Irma, and applied to the State Department. 199he was taken to the Russian Zone or Germany and then released, released with no money, her clothes 1n rags. ~ As she came home• an American ship, she still started ,.. 1n terror every time the ship's bell sounded. T o d Y , r 1 e n Tr um n i s u e d a r r c 1 mat i ,) esi n tin Thursday, vemb r T enty- even , as Tanks ivin Day. r o cl ited ls v m ~r T acts of firm in t h e effor a ed, devastated "Way our Thanks ivin this year be tempered by humility, by sympa b y, and b y compassion fort ose who lack abundance," says the President. ~ remembe r nations ive tan r remeze oft at b unty with needy HUGHES ( ~ , Senate In Washington,A Howard Hughes told the/\sub-committee investigating war contracts, that Major General Bennett E.Meye of the Air Force P rocurement Office had tried to borrow two ~ hundred thousand dollars from him. 119 made that request while A Hughes was conducting the negoti t tions r ✓- · -. a seven hundred Hughes added that he did not give the General the money because he thought it might be open to improper interpretation. Hughes added that Meyerd made the IIJl request ot him through his former attorney, Neil McCarthy. Hughes also told the senators that he had given pudg:, little JOhnny Meyer his Job as Public Rglations Officers because av.,~ he had learned that the,,_2tticers at Dayton J&eN disliked h1Jll ~~ so heartily. In tact, said he, the start at Dayton J&11• was A known as the Hate-Hughes Club. HUGHES - 2 Hughes also testified that the General had asked him for a job, and had been similarly turned down. Then he went on to say that General Meyers had been partly instrumental 1n preventing the showing of Hughes•s movie, "The OQtlaw" 1n Hew Y o rk. !! __ e_R T h B ri 1 1 - c _ i e n l u of t r all , 1 n if om e th O U nd s o f Am e ric an om n e i ay . ha 1 their bjecti The y r e f uri o u 60 I e r because t e D u · e nd UC e of · in or wi l no b e am the 6 ues t at the wed in 0 of rinces Elizabeth. T ey are not so indi nant on t u,-e' s account, it is the Duch ess in whom they a e c ncerne. So, tr.ey are writing to Queen ary, expr ssin them elve fran ly. Men are writin too. So I'm told. Correspondence from the Unit Sites bein , dumped by the b ful at ar borou h Bouse where the do ger Queen ives. The Duke and Duche s byte way, are aboard t e lin Queen ary, alrea yon their y o t e t es, to escape the embarr a ssment of bein in Britain on the day f t e weddin g and not amo n t ose r ent. Most of the dispatches from en n h ve inc ude • the unoffici 1 inside information t hat it is the irrec ncil ble oppositi o n o · Queen ar whic fr m B . ltim re. Toda y ' s ne ~ dis ~ c xclud s Wa ll y t e f om ..i o do no ell u WI DSOR - 2 ------------- het er ueen ry e a 1 t e-e let er M or not. 11 we do her is t t s e doesn't answer them. ean hile hat do e her from you, elson. CHICKENS Uncle Sam is going into the chicken business. This is the latest step 1n the program to save m grain for the hungry nations of Europe. Last Friday, the poultry industry promiseci to cut down thett, flocks by forty million before the end ot the year. To help them out, the Department of Agriculture will~ a considerable volwne of the dreased hens 1illlf c u l ~ • • flocks. Uncle sa will pay from twenty-two-and-a-halt to twenty-eight cents a pound, tor Grade! birds. TRUMAN President Truman announced today that Greece was saved from economic collapse am remains free, thanks to help from Uncle Sam. But, added~- Truman, the situation still is grave, because the Co11111un1sts are keeping up their guerrilla warfare. Although economic collapse l.!!.B been averted, the economic situation 1n Greece has not improved basically. So tar the work ot the American mission has been largely one ot ~ preparation. Nr. Truman said turther that the ettects ot 111.n.J a broad hint that ■ore me ey may be needed to achieve our objects 1n both Greece and Turkey. FRANCE ------ In Fra nce, there i a movement to drive key Comnunists out oijJ,ositi ns in t h t p o e rful g roup of unions c lled Th G e neral C o n fede rati n of L a bor. Duri the \ a r nd a fter, the Communists filtere 1 into the uni on s in some n umb ers taking over key ositions. But no · they may be o n their way out. At any rat e , the fight is on. LTP.1947.11.10i.pdf LTP.1947.11.10ii.pdf