LEAD FOREIGN The most extraordinary aftermath of the Czechoslovakian business broke loose todqr in the solemn stuffy atmosphere of the British House of Lords. It was an appeal from the primate of the Church o^England to the Pope of Rome. Ho such thing has happened, nothing remotely like it has happened^ since blTrTT King H» nry the happen in the-Hpuse of"-Le3»de>o»hi«te---haj»-tQken a baoJt ocat-<rrer-o:fcnecs It was by virtue of his seat in tha*t the for** Archbishop of Canterbury stood up to break all precedent in the Church of which he is the highest prelate. What he said was a plea to Pope Pius the Twelfth to summon all Christendom to fight the Nazi menace in Europe. And these were the vsords of His Grace, the Archbishop of Canterbury: "Some I am unable to take the position, of a J£ pacifist. All of us will Eighth broke Rome four hundred and five years ago. \ A It is tmue^tal-^nough thai>-an^th4g^ interacting ■should^ House as one of the spiritual peers of the realm, that His Grace s as one A defended." Then he things are more sacred than peace and those things must be ha added: "After the destruction of Czechoslovakia, LEAD FOREIGN - 2 agree,” he added, "that some answer must be given to this challenge, and the only answer that avails is an answer e; an answer given in the only terms that the German rulers appear to understand. That is to say that against their claim that might is right, there must be a massing of might on the side of right.” To which he added: ”As a Christian Minister I feel justified in saying what I have said. Then came his startling appeal to Rome with the words: nIf His Holiness will give the lead, I can promise that all the leaders of the Anglican Orthodox Church and of the Protestant Churches will give their support.” astounding. Like most English conservatives he has been a staunch anti-Bolshevik. But today in the House of Lords, the Archbishop joined the British Tories who have been urging a swing toward Soviet Russia. On which he commented; "'Where these supreme issues are eoneerned we must be ready to accept help from whatever The / something almost as quarter it comes.” ^ ^ded- flit WOUilfr -bo--well t-o~«GGU LL SB& LEAD FOREIGN - A later rumor from London is that Moscow has suggested a six—power conference, a conference of ail the countries threatened by Hitler, Evidently the ruling classes of England are at last so thoroughly alarmed that they will grab at any hope to stop the Nazi steam-roller. Even the extreme Eight Wing British Tories are now in favor of seeking an alliance with the Soviets, an alliance which a few months ago they repudiated and spurned, A still later cable from London has it that ChamberlainTs government has accepted the suggestion from Moscow for the "halt Hitler" conference. The six powers to be summoned would be Great Britain, France, Soviet Russia, Turkey, Roumania, 'to ^ 7j| -- - Poland, £80, LEAD FOREIGN — ^5^ Seer -tjYapArrhh-!, rsh n p^rrf ^^rm .. Eo? Gl:gw Secretary, Viscount Halifax, had made a statement to the Lords, He used -svea strong** language^ thani-fritt- frrrw r ^t>r he said: hulk of incidents —±n Ogeohoolovakia tocforc—thfr■ SerMiftan were—dolihertrtreiLy^^uEHkMl provoked and -tho ef ggoatly- aognified-in—And he-eaid fuyfehOFt rEvery neighbor of Germany is now uncertain of the morrow. Ev§ry country which values its nationality, identity and sovereignty stands warned against dangers, from-within inspired—from without’#** 'WV^JUs-t At the same time, Chamberlain announced that the British government had offered economic help to Roumaniai JsaS LEAD FOREIGN - J? Chamberlain is sending a special mission to King Carols country a last minute effort to sta»* off the threat of domination A & In Roumania itself there were tension and rumors of fighting, particularly in a city eight miles from the border^ a a city with ^considerable Hungarian population. The Hungarians had ordered flags hoisted, to celebrate the seizure of Carpatho-Ukraine. The Roumanians objected, and that’s when the blows began. However, they were stopped by police. King Carol is just concluding a trade treaty with Soviet Russia. With that he will trade Roumanian livestock, hides and leather for tractors and trucks made in the Soviet country. From Berlin comes the rumor that the next job Hitler has assigned himself, is^taking over^the City of Memel. Some people have been wondering why he didn’t do it long since. Memel was an out-and-out German s»*port given to the Lithuanians by the map-makers at Versailles, rumor^^ officially denied. But it was noticed that the Lithuanian Foreign Minister LEAD FOREIGN - £7 had a long conference today with Hitler's Foreign Minister, von fSbbentrop. So the story is that Memel is going to be liquidated in a few days. More sensational rumors concern Hungary. We were wondering last week why Hitler had permitted the Hungarians to seize Carjpatho—Ukraine. Troop movements in Europe today pointed at a still bigger coup by Hitler, the grabbing of Hungary, either by an anschluss somewhat like the annexation of Austria, or a protectory similar to that over .Bohemia and Moravia. A cablegram from Prague reports that long columns of German soldiers were moving through the city to the east and south^»<. The report from Budapest is that Hitler’s generals have asked permission to move those troops across Hungarian territory. ZfeKXKX±X It is also reported that there is heavy fighting in i£j! Carpatho-Okraine. The Sitch guards, upholding the cause of Carpatho-Ukraine as a separate state, were fighting Hungarian troops from machine gun nests and defense lines all along the line of march, resisting until they were overwhelmed by superior numbers of the Hungarians. u. FOREIGN ^ k J i 7 . ^ There was swift action in Paris. President Lebrun held a meeting with the Daladier Cabinet. After that, late tonight. he signed the sixteen decrees which authorized the Premier to start calling the troops to the colors immediately. In addition v 14L tnury-pn* all French industry^on a war-time basis. So far there has been no mobilization order. But it is expected at any moment Daladier will call officers of the reserve and technicians, They*ll be sent up to reenforce the Maginot Line A’ ! I SYRIA To pile trouble upon the troubles of Fr&nce and England* the discontent in Syria reached a new tatgig. height today. dox!UTe- thlarfe Qgents of the dictators, principally Mussolini, have been fomenting agitation against the French in Syria,as well as ?P- against the British In Palestine. The first thing we heard today was that the .high command cancelled the leave#-of-absence of all A French soldiers and officers in Syria, ieopt^tfebUH 'lir^barr-»gdcrv «Lrve Troops were patrolling the streets of Damascus. TheyTve taken /f over all the principal squares and public buildings in the Syrian the plans that have been made to give /'thrown'^ ^jUDua*d£Lnto the wastebasket. capital independence to the Syrians have been^fci There was fighting in the streets of Damascus, sixty-one reported killed including police. Also fighting with the Djebel-Druse# in the mountains. NEUTRALITY Events in Europe ^bpokc of news in Washington also. First of all, the State Department announced the receipt of a caole from Wilbur J. Carr, our Minister ih Prague. Carr advised ^ that "there are no authorities left who can be considered as representing the powwr~~f,or-^"fcia» Czechoslovak state." To that. Acting Secretary Welles replied; "In view of this situation, you are directed to close the legation at Prague, turn over the government building and archives to the Consulate General and at your convenience kb leave." To w4,iich^thu""jtgrJfe-i'ng 'CcoTatnry uddeqfc compliment a from the Pr oci-dont-y^ from -Soerotary Htrll- and fyem himsejy^^on the-work-ef -Minirstc*1 Carr-whirOh he- jcnHappguew Nftutrality Bill introduced by Senator Key Pitman of Nevada. The Chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee admitted frankly tnat the intention of his change in the law was to help the democratic powers and hinder the dictator stages.^ It provides that thirty* days after hostilities have broken out, whether war is declared or not, the President shall proclaim the states involved. As itTs framed The next bit of capital news was amendment to the NEUTRALITY - 2 it \(Ould help any governments that control the seas, meaning of course England and Prance. The first reaction to this measure was a kick. It came from Senator Bennett Champ Clark of Missouri, who represents eleven other Senators. Said he: "This amendment to the Neutrality laws will facilitate the drifting of the united States into war." Acting Sefcj^tary WdSJ^s alsb^sent toV^he German Embassy m the Uniped Staies about tke military iqceupation of C zechoSlovakia! It follows pretty exactly the \ \ \ Act Lng-Secretaryt s statement oV Friday*! In that^you may Recall The spy trial in Los Angeles is over, and an important comrade of the Russiarisoviet Onion gets a heavy jail sentence. The jury convicted the Pacific Coast head of the Soviet In-Tourist Bureau and with him a former agent of our own Navy Intelligence dollars. Said the Judge to the Russian^ ’’You have intentionally violated the hospitality this country so graciously extended*and if your offenses had been committed in time of war it would have been necessary for me to impose the death penalty.” Then the Judge added: "When you've finished your sentence you will return to your country as an undesirable alien and you will remain forever Service. The In-Tourist Manager was sentenced to six years A ten thousand dollars; the other to four, years and ten thousand outside the boundaries of the United States.” HOTEL STRIKfi Office holders in VVash.ington are breathing a sigh of relief over one thing. Senators and Congressmen no longer have to fear the consequences of passing the picket lines. Harry Somerville of the New Willard wires me that the hotel strike in Washington is over- ISfc.has been a headache for A legislators, evgnracxrt34xa&t^^nl7rt.erwa cv~7 c-o- Incidentally,^Washington1 s famous cherry blossoms are the about to burst forth and people from all^surrounding states are getting ready to fill their tanks with^Sunoco and have a look at thaefc gorgeous display. A —- The principal American affairs today ^ryVC^crv^vv^ iihuU"^ President Roosevelt*s latest nominee to the Supreme Court. A lot ^11 over the coun^r^^e asking: wWho is Bill Douglas?" After today, I suppose it will be disrespectfv^. refer to him as "Bill”, though that^ the way the new Justice has ii hitherto preferred to be known. His full name is William Orville Douglas, but if you call him Orville, he squirms with discomfort. For one thing, the new Associate Justice is a Westerner. That is, he was born in Minnesota, brought up*at Yakima, Washington. Hs ±x But his adult years have been passed yiTTnvtr--writlgfe^ in the east.; His history ■ American tradition, He has known what it was to be down to his last nickel, Newsboy, farm-hand, junk dealer, sheep herder,^ 77 =* _ -2— H9 has even been a hobo. ^_gyro=^ig%- liiUTttg^^ " his father died waen he isas six years old and for a long time he helped to support the family. At the Yakima High School he was valedictorian of his class, did so well that he got a scholarship at Whitman College^ Walla Walla, £& Washington. He hadn’t enough money for train fare so he rode to Walla Walla on his bicycle. And there he maintained himself four years on his wages as janitor, errand boy, fruit picker ^ in order to save money, he /* waiter. For the last three 'rC lived in a tent. After he graduated he taught cohered for a couple of years, at tftg- high school, and then decided for the law. A A / He went to Columbia Lav/ School In New York. Not having A fare, he rode the rods 4L Chicago. ad ~ th» 6ther hobos warned him that east of Chicago the bulls were hostile and hoboing wasn’t safe* he rode qf- thfc1—on the cushions A * ^ and landed in New York with sixAdollars in his pocket. F*om -G^amteda. sdt“ £< v 2 u ^* v ^ msl . /fWi/ fescSdt!®ad.young Douglas graduated second in his class^ uj Jy, *7^-? IT He earned his way tutoring^an^^ti^^ t.extboo_k. Fresh from Law School, he was given a job by the firm of Cravath, — 3 Swaine and Wood, ^ of the most dofegy silk stocking barristers in tne country, it was there, they say, that he learned so muefc about Wall Street and corporate financft^a After three years of that, he went^baek to teaching* on the faculty of Columbia Law School. Later, Robert M. Hutchins, then Dean of Yale Law School, sent for young Douglas, so he went to New Haven. When Hutchins went to the University of Chicago as President, he offered Douglas twenty thousand a year to Join him there. But Douglas turned it down because he said he was having too much fun at Yale. So far it was pretty good traveling for an ex-newsboy, &2t ex-hobo. His entry into WS+ public service came after Chairman Joe Kennedy of the Securities and Exchange Commission read something that Douglas had written on corporate reorganization : I and bankruptcy. Joe Kennedy had never heard of Douglas but when he read those papers he immediately sent for him, offered him a id^k. | Job on the Commission, Brntglafl ■wfippinri at til* iipp»^*-tuiiityjr A ' 1 f? And subsequently when the Chairmanship of the S.E.C. fell vacant, -e-TC— B^Si. Douglas was the Presidents first choice. And now ke*?* ^ A nominated for the highest courtin the la highest court in the landl be cgn^ider^Erd and inv^»tig^£t^d—Uy^—■■from •w^tat'^umy heaar». there is little doubt heTll be confirmed. g^far^r-of-^regony Hep«blican^leaderT ie-ont'hun^aetie-abQut -fiouglatw Se-Tll- be anything-but the—stiff, oepemonioiWy priaiigfa typo- Personally, he’s a tallish, lanky fellow, rather careless about his clothes, smokes one cigarette after another, talks fast but never gets excited. His conversation is brutally frank. He’s only fortyr-one years old, one of the youngest men •gxi Len-yeaaag. crWT. ever to be named to court. But-tw-ictotes A yxmnggaas. When he became Chairman of the S.E.C., newspaper men asked him some questions and he replied: "You want to know what kind of a bird I am, eh? Well, to tell you the truth, I think I-m really a pretty conservative sort of fellow from the old school, perhaps a school too old to be remembered.» And he U 60UGLAS - 5 explained: ’’I*!!! the kind of conservative who can't get away from the idea that simply honesty ought to prevail in the financial world. 11 That was his reply to a charge in Wall Street that he was a Left Winger. And now. President Roosevelt*fourth appointee to the U.S. Supreme Court. AND SO LONG UNTIL TOMORROW. K i