1992
M A G A Z
I N E
Vol.3,No.J












































FEATURES
9
COVER STORY
The Hudson River: A National Treasure
A
conversation with
Frances Stevens Reese, a gentle
woman who
has
been
stead.fast
in her
mission to preserve the
environmental
integrity
of
the Hudson
Valley.
The Hudson Valley's Great
Estates
16
The Mid-Hudson Valley,
one of
the nation's largest historic districts, has an impressive
massing of
estate
buildings as literally hundreds
sprung
up along the
eastern shore
of
the Hudson River.
The Marist/Kiev Connection
19
Marist College and the
University
of Kiev wait out the
August Coup
and initiate a unique
student and faculty
exchange
program.
Memories of the
Gulag
21
A Marist professor, an American son, makes a
stirring visit to Siberian
labor
camps.
COMMENTARY
Hong Kong U.S.A.
24
An
observer
of
the British
colony poses
this
intriguing question:"What
if
Hong
Kong
was
anAmerican Territory?"
Trivial
Pursuit
26
A nationally recognized pollster discusses how
character concerns
and not public
policy issues dominate presidential
campaigns.
DEPARTMENTS
Currents 21 Speakers Bureau 22 I Marist People 271
Executive Editor
G. Modele Clarke
Vice President for
College
Advancement
Shaileen
Kopec
Art
Director
Richard
Deon
Editorial Assistant and
Communications
Intern
Evelyn Hernandez
'92
Contributors
April
M.
Amonica
'92
Victoria Balcomb
Elise M. Bany
Susan
Roel/er Brown
Donaldj. Calista
Jennifer
Chandler
'92
Beth
Conrad
'92
Valerie Petrini Hall
John Hartsock
Christine
Henn
'92
Edward A. Hynes
Jennifer Johannessen
92
Sean Kelly
'92
Kristen Limauro
'92
Megan McDonnell
'92
Lee
M.
Miringo.ff
Cbris
Shea
'92
Alben
H. Yee
Contributing
Photographers
Joe
Carini
George Mars
Cassidy/
7be Picture
Cube
G.
Modele
Clarke
Howard
Dratch
George
Dugger
James Fossetl
Charles
Po,ter
Lloyd \flaldeman
Marist Magazine
is published by Maris!
College,
Office
of College Advance,
Plsttdege
tb>&PJ/°
575-300~.
~;-~•:i.t
C.:eal:£,
·.:t,r
or::
Paughkaepsta,
e
Yll'I
•·
M~nst
Collegt
L\:,, ....
:y
,:;.,.

























2
URRENTS
IBM Vice
President
elected to
chair board
of trustees
]AMES
A.
CA,"'sA\lNO.
whose innovative
strategies have
made
him
a pi,·otal
member of
the
IBM
Corporation·s execu1i1·e
leadership. has
been clcctec.l
chairnwn of the Marist College
Board
of Tnistees.
Cannavino has been a mem-
ber of
the Marist
College board
since
1984. Prior
10
his
Clment
position. he
was
the secretary
and then vice chairman of the
board.
I le
w;1s elected chainm1n
James
A. Cannavino
last
.':o,·emher
at the
lx>ard's
annual meeting.
As
I B:\I
vice president and
gcne1~il manager
Personal
Sys-
International
Influence
Cultures and languages blen.d on campus
jA..,o:--.
LoMo.,ACO
knew
right from the start that having
a Ukrainian roommate would
be a unique dorm experience.
"Before he comes into the
room he knocks on the door,"
said sophomore LoJ\lonaco of
his Ukrainian roommate. "I
don't think he re:1lizes that it is
also his room.·•
Lo,\!lonaco and Igor
Mameshin, his roommate, live
on
the
eighth floor of
Champagnat l !all. The hope at
:-.farisl College
is
that this will
be the beginning of effons
10
blend Marist Mudents with
other cultures. Curremly. four
international exchange studc111:.
share the international floor
with 35 American student~.
Unlike the other 53 interna-
tional students who come to
Marist to complete their educa-
tion. these four are here
to
study for periods ranging he-
1
ween one semester 10 a year.
Argentina. Belgium, Greece,
Jamaica, Korea, England,
Panama, South Afric.1, India
and Pakistan are among the
countries represented at Marbt
College.
Mameshin. a
computer
science major. arrived
in
mid-
January with fello\\' Ukrainians
from the University of Kiev.
Taras Pepa and Andre
Rybalchenko. Margo 13ehb. a
senior from \lew Zeabnd. has
been studying business at
Marist College since the end
of August.
Becoming adjusted to
America is not always easy for
international students. "I tried
to he prepared before I
came
so
that I would fit in and be-
come adjuMecl to e,erything
right away, but it just didn't
work out that way." said Pcpa.
A communication ans major at
the University of Kiev, Pepa
said initiallv he was over-
whelmed \~ith life at an
American college.
I lis resident assistant
can
,ltlesl to that.
"Just
the other day l
showed Taras how to use the
washing machine and he was
very impressed,"
said
I
lendcrson Mayon. resident
assistant of the international
floor.
For \le,,,. Ze:1lander M,1rgo
Behh, the
change
was kss
d1~1111atic.
"New Zealand is not
that much different from
America except for the fact
that clothes, food and
cars are
cheaper in the
U.S.,"
said Bebh.
It was neither the food nor
the promise
of
cheaper clothes
that a11racted these studenL~ to
Maris! College. "We came
tems.
Canna,·ino
plays
a
key role in
l B.\l's
inter-
n,uional business. An
I
B.\I employee for more
than
25 years. he be-
came
the
mainframe
cli,·ision·s vice president
for de,·clopment
in 1983.
and that t!il-ision·s presi-
dent
in 198'. a year
before
being named
head of
the
personal
computer unit.
,\
l;irist
College Presi-
dent
Dennis
J.
,\lurray
said. ••Jim Cannavino is
helping
to
re-shape
the
international computer
and information industry.
yet he never
lost
touch
with his roots in
Dutchess
County
...
Canna,·ino·s
knowledge and
experience in mainframe opera-
tions i,
,·itally imponant
in
lflM's integration
of
PCs
into
larger business systems.
In the Marist board elec-
tions, Cannavino succeeded Jack
\lewman,
who h,1d
completed a
full two-year
term
as chairman
of
the
lx)ard of
trustees.
.':ewman continues 10 serve as a
trustee.
The board also elected
Rohen D\'son, executive vice
president' and chief executive
oflker of The Dyson-Kissner-
,\loran
Corporation.
~cw
York
City, to he
vice
chairman.
I
le
has been on the Marist board
since 1974. Frances S.
Reese.
a
ch·ic leader in the
mid-Hudson
area for several decades and a
Maris!
trustee
since
1983.
was
elected secretary of the board.
Jonah
Sherman.
president
of
the
board of directors of Sherman
Furniture, based
in
Poughkeepsie. and a
Maris!
trustee since
1981.
was reelected
treasurer.
I
-Evely11
Her11a11dez
'92
Ukraine
exchange students, from right,
Taras Pepa, Igor
Mameshln
and Andre
Rybalchenko
share a
moment
in the
Campus
Center
with
Margo Bebb
of New Zealand.
because
,\larist
is well-known
for iL~
computer science and
journalism
programs ... said
Pepa. For 13ebb, the attraction
was
,\larist
College's business
progwm. The College arranged
a marketing internship program
for her at a large
shopping
mall ju~t outside the
city
of
Poughkeepsie.
The international students
agree that adjusting to life in
Amerk"a has become easier
because of the friendly
and
helpful atmosphere at
,\,farist.
College.
"It
was not ve1y hard
to adjust to life here because
the students and professors
were willing
10
help us, ..
said
Mameshin.
"In Ukraine,
we
were distanced from our profes-
sors and it was not as easy as
it
is in America
10
ask for help. At
Marist,
the
professors ,ire more
open and
interested."
he said.
Ukrainian
sllldent Andre
Rybalchenko, a senior majoring
in computer science agreed.
"Last week I asked a professor
,...-here
the
Poughkeepsie
Libraxy
was and he offered to d1ive me
there and hack,'' Rybalchenko
said.
College officials hope
10
expand the number of interna-
tional students in the future :111d
to enhance rhe multi-cultural
atmosphere at /\brist.
I
-Je1111ifer Joba1111esse11
'92
I\IARIST
,\.IJ\GJ\ZIJ,;F.
•
1992




























Marist/lBMJoint
Study
Viewing the Future in Higher Education
A
SPECIAi. TOPICS COl
lRSE
in
environmental science. meeting
e,·e1y Wednesday evening this
spring
in
room
114
of Donnelly
Hall.
is
a
sign of the
times
at
Marist-and a glimpse of the
future
in higher
education-
as
the
College enters the final
phase of its five-year Joint Study
with the
IBM
Corporation.
With
S 16
million and nearly
four years of hard work in-
vested in the rroject,
the
Joint
Study has begun to produce
innovative
and dramatic evi-
dence of
the
ways
in
which
computer technology can be
made pan of
the
teaching and
learning
environment at a
liberal
ans college.
The
four PCs
in
room
111.
which are connected with the
ll3M
3090
mainframe computer
in
Donnelly
I
lall.
have been
configured with modern com-
puter graphics. spatial modeling
capabilities and sophisticatt:d
database management. These
are the essentials for Geo-
graphic
Information
Systems
(GIS). an advanced anal}1kal
tool
110\\'
being
recognized
for
its
imponance to planners.
geographers and en\'ironmenwl
scientbts.
The course. among the first
of
its
kind
in
t:1wironment,tl
science swdies at the under-
graduate level. has auracted
I3Y
EDWARD
A.
HY:--;Es
.\lARIST ,\IJ\GAZI:-.:E
•
1992
nine
Marist students and six
adult observers. The instructor is
John
Lange. a GIS consultant
with
the
113,\I
GIS Directorate.
Marist's GIS/em·ironmental
science course
is the
result of a
collaboration among
John
E.
MacDonald.Jr.. Linus Richard
Foy
Professor
of Computer
Science: Andrew
1\<lolloy,
Chair
of
the
Division of Science:
Information
Services Vice
Presi-
dent Carl Gerberich. and Lange.
The ability ro conduct thb
kind of creati;·e collaboration
was what Marist and
IBM
had
in
mind when
the IBM
Corpora-
tion delivered an IBi\l
.3090
mainframe computer to
Donnelly Hall in
July.
1988.
to
begin the Joint Study. The
.3090
is
a
S
10
million system pro,·ided
by
113M
to
give
1\larist
College a
level
of computing power
ordinarily assodated only with
large research
uni,·ersities or
Fortune
500
companies.
An addition,1I
S6
million has
been im·ested in technological
resource,- since then, half by
113~1
and the rest by the::
Coliegc.
The campus is being wired with
a sophisticated fiber optic tele-
communication" ,y,..tem. Com-
puter work stations abound
in
classroom buildings. residence
halls and the offices of faculty
:111d
administrators. The libra;y
is .. on
line."
Soi" the weekly
student ne\\'spaper. Local area
networh ha,·t: bet:n created and
more are coming.
For the
.\larist
College
community, campus-wide
connectivity means round-the-
clock access to E-Mail.
PhoneMail. the mainframe
computer,
the libra1y,
and a
variety of database services.
Campus-wide
connectivity means
round-the-cl.ock
access to E-Ma[4
PhoneMaii the main-
.frame computer, the
library, and a
variety
of database services.
13ut
conm:ctiviry takes
in
more than just the campus.
International networks, such as
nIT\'ET and
l\'TER;\/ET,
and
satellite technology
link
i\lari.',t
College swdents, faculty and
adminbtrators with the \\'Orld.
and beyond. One student
recently
"downloaded
.. a photo-
graph that had been sent back
from a spacecraft
to
-:-:.ASA.
And
110\\'.
as the Joint Study
enters
its
final phase. the focus
is
on I
<J
..
sho,,·case .. rrojects
involving
a range of academic
discipline,.., all designed to test
the potential of computer
applications in the classroom.
laboratory. re"e,1rch center.
libra1y and student
life
areas.
The GIS course in
Dyson
114
is
among them. The others,
which
are or soon
will
be operational,
are no
less interesting.
Children in local elementary
schools
\\'ill
be learning to
read
with the help of stOiybooks
created by Marist swdents
in
Nora Jachym·s advanced educa-
tion courses using computers,
desk top publishing systems,
and solid academic
research.
In
Janel Stivers· special
educmion course, scores of
Marist sophomores and juniors
will he paired up as "electronic
pen p:1ls" via comru1er with
special education students at a
nearby middle school. to the
benefit of both the teachers-in-
training
and 1he
middle
school
studenL~. for whom the project
means additional writing prac-
tice, exposure lo computer
technology. oppommities for
imponant
new friendship and,
perhaps. elevated aspirations for
themseh'es.
Students
in Brian
Desilets·
ph),sics lab
in
Donnelly Hall will
use computer and laser technol-
ogy to design and conduct
experiment~ in which the com-
puter will generate and manipu-
late
all
the
data that describe
the
experimental
activity,
giving
students a much larger base of
data than
they
could gather by
their
own obser\'ations and
freeing
them to
spend
their
time
in the essential work of analyz-
ing and interpreting the informa-
tion.
Computer simulations will
be used in lectures, labs and
self-paced
tutorials.
Teams of sn1dents will use
very sophisticated Computer
Assisted
Telephone
Interviewing
(CATI) software in conducting
polls at
the
i\.Jarisl lnstiture for
Public
Opinion. Because of
CATI. and the local area net-
work in Adrian
I fall,
MIPO
directors Lee MiringofT and
13:irbara Ca1valho will keep
a
running
tabulation
through the
e,·ening and have the results
,111.ilyzed
and ready
for
publica-
tion \\'ithin
minutes
of
the
last
call.
Economists in ~faris.-s
di,·ision of management studies
are de\'eloring analyses and
forecasts of Mid-Hudson eco-
nomic activity. They're using
computer-based data being
made available
to
Marist as a
newly designated State Data
Center Affiliate
in
cooperation
with
tht: ;-.le\\' York State Depan-
co11ti1111ed
on next page
3









































4
Mai-ist/IBM
Joi11I
Study
conti1111edfrom
pc11~e
3
111ent
of Economic
De,·elopment
and the
L'.S.
llureau
of
the
Censu,., ..
\larist"s
high!) de\'el-
oped co111putcr. tdecommunic:1-
tions and
compact di,k 1cx'hr10l-
ogy
\\'ere
factors
in
a\\'arding
Affiliate
status
10
the College.
which became one of only eight
academic Afl1lia1e,.,
in the .,tate.
The Affiliate functions
arc
being
carried out at
Maris!
by
the
College·,., ne\\'ly created
Bureau
of
Economic Research. "·ith
support
from
the
College·,.,
library and
computer center.
Ann Davis
of the management
studie:,, faculty
is
director of
the Jsureau.
The
list
of sho\\'case
projects
also
includes
a
"'paperless" dassrcx>m. in whid1
Art
Scott of
the
co111puter sci-
ence :111d
mathematic.,
di\·bion
is
testing the
hypothe,.,is
that
students
\\'ill become
comptller
literate
foster
if
assignments. lab
work reports.
tests and e, alua-
Hello
World!
Students debate
global issues using
telecommunications
Tl'CKED
/\\Y.!AY
in
a small
computer morn
in the Dyson
Center.
the
28 studs:nls of
Assistam Professor
Vernon
Vavrina's
lntt:rnational Politics
class have been
attempting
10
resolve
some of
the \\'orld's
more pressing
problems.
The
students are part
of
the lmcrnational
Com111unica-
1ion and Negotiation Si111ula-
1ion
(ICONS).
an cxercise thb
past
fall in
which they
played
th<:
rok of Mexican
deleg;l\es
to
a simulated
L'nitcd \:aiions.
Sixteen college,, and universi-
ties
in
seH!n c·ournries on four
continents
participate
in the
exercise and are
linked
through
a
net\\'ork
of sophis-
ticated
co111puter and
1ele-
communica1ion systems.
ICONS has
been con-
ducted each year since
its
development at the Llniversit)'
of
Maryland
in
197'>. Maris\
College
became involved
in
the
program in the spring of
1991 when
French Professor
"CR
RE
>JT S
lion.,
are communicated
through
the computer 11<.'t\\·ork.
using E-.\la1I. "dassroom super-
,·isor"
,ort\\':tr<.:. and on-line
conferencing. The process
i.,
facili1:11ed
b)
ne" quasi-interac-
ti\'e
co111munication lx't\\een
thc ins1rut1or
and studenb.
Another project, being
de, eloped
by
Randy Goldberg
of the computer
science
and
m,11hema1ics
facult1·. is a multi-
media
distance
lca~ning
experi-
ment
in "hid1 an imroduction
LO
computer science course
"ill
he
offered 10 a pilot audience
of
the
Army
'\:nional
Guard.
Deli,
en· or the cour'ie material
\\'ill
he ~·ia PS 2-based prt·~enta-
tions using Toolhook
software.
and on-line conferencing u.,ing
the
3090
mainframe.
Also corning
10
:-..ktri:,,t
this
spring and fall·
v'
t\
Local t\re:1
'\etwork
(L\'-l
training center. managed
h)
Roger
'\onon
of the computer
science facult,·. in \\'hich stu-
cknt.,
laking 11etworking
das,e,
\\'ill
he
able
10
de,ign
:111d
re-configure
:111
IB\I '\et\\ ;l!'e
.)86
\et\\ork
in
the Computer
Science Gr:1phic,
L:1h.
v'
Expansion ol the lihran··,
DOBIS On L.ine Public :\cces~
Catalog under Lihran Dirt'ctor
John
\lcGinty
to
indt1<k
three
million
record, from
hook
holdings
of other college, ;ind
uni\'ersities.
V
.\
ne\\ photo ID ,y,1c111
using
PC
technology and
im:1g-
ing sof1w:1re.
propo,ed
h~·
t\ssi,unt \
'ice President
,\!arc
Adin
to
imprme
student ser-
, ice,
and campus security.
v'
Computer-mediatcd
commu-
nication
(C.\IC)
,·ia
the ,\larist
mainframe lO
teach
group
discussion skills. as proposcd
by ,\lary
;llcComh
of the com-
munications focuhv. C\IC al-
lows groups
10
fu11c1ion inde-
pendently yet ha, e acces~ to
th<.: instructor withoul \\·aiting
for cbs., time or office hours for
assbtance.
Vernon
J. Vavrina, left, assistant professor of political science,
works with students involved in the ICONS project. Marlst
College's sophisticated computer and telecommunications
systems enabled students to be linked with 16 colleges and
universities worldwide in course work.
13rother Jost:ph Belanger
heard about it at
Ra1rnqx>
College in '-'-'" Jersey.
lndi\'iduab at lhc l
'niver-
sity
of
!\laryhmc.l \\Tile a
differem scenario each
s<.:mes-
ter for the participating
schcx>ls. projecting
the
real
"orld fr1r ,ix months hence.
·11m>ugh adl'anced telecom-
munic,llions
technology
available at :-..larist. the stu-
dents are :1ble 10 debate \\ ith
other studcnts all
ol'er
lhe
world.
By
signing
onto rhe
computer.
messages sell\
earlier from the
15
other
partici[Xlling colleges
can
he
retrieved at any lime h) "slo\\
..
communication.
The other
method. referred
10
:is "on-
line"
communication. allo\\'s
students
to he hooked up
internation.illy once per
\vc:ek
on a
real-time
basis.
"The purpose
of
the
posi-
tion
paper "·as to enable
,tudems to
completely
famil-
iarize themselves with the
culture and
to
assume the
\lexican personality." said Bro.
Belanger.
v'
The enhancement or math-
em,ll i<:s educ:l\ion in lcx:al
schcx>ls through the neation of
:l
co111111uni11
or local educators.
10
he
de,·dc;ped iniliall)
through personal contact :ind
strengthent·d by gi, ing loc:11
teacher, access accounts for
E-
.\1:til
through
the :'-l:1ris1
.3090
mainframe.
thw,
.illo"·ing
daily
consultation het,\·een ,\bri,t staff
and the local t1::1chers. This
"·as
proposed h) Cons1:111ce
Elko of'
th<.:
computer
,ciencc and
m:Hh-
cmatics faculty.
v'
An
i111er.ic1ive
computer-
ba:,,ed forum , ia the
;llarist
mainfrnme. through
\\'hich
,\J:1ris1 psychology and educ1-
lion facult1·
"ill
share
informa-
l ion
\\'ith
t~achers
at
kx-al
d-
ementarv and
second:1n
,choob.\1nd
engage \\'ith the111
in computer-medi:l\<:d discus-
sions. as proposed by
Linda
Dunbp of
the
psychology
focuh1·
The
shape of the computer-
ized college of the
21st
Century
has ht>gL111
to emerge
:I\
Marist.
I
Bccause
they represented
:1
Spanish-speaking
counLr}. all
messages sem and recei\'ed hy
"slo\\·" communic.nion were
in
th;.11
language. For lhat re:1son.
the
rco:s;s
students abo
\\'orked "ith lnn:t
C.1sey.
assistant
professor
of Spanish.
and
eight
of her ad,·anced
:->panish
studenb. Casey ,md
her eight-111e111her
team pro-
\'i(kd
a form or Sp;1nish
lan-
guage qualil) control
for
the
ICO:-.:s
students.
Throughout
the
<;:ntin::
projcc\. stud<;:nts
\\·ere:
encouraged
lO assun1e
responsibility for e\'cry aspect
of
the
simulated l
'nited
\:ations
exerci.,c. This included initiat-
ing negotiating session, \\'ith
other
delegate:,,
,Kro.-_,
the
globe or functioning
:ts
dd-
egat<.:s on \'ariow, comminees.
\'avrina
and Belanger
aned
onlv as facilit:11ors.
·
Since the beginning
of thl'
ICO:S:S
project. :-..tarbt College
students hm·e imeracted with
their
cou111erpa11s
across the
counuy and :,round
the
\\'Orld
in
se\e1~t! languages. Thq
haw
debated
"ith
students
from
schools
such as :'llichigan State
l'ni,·crsity:
Brigham Young
L'ni\'ersity: \X'ascda
lni\'ersit)',
Tokyo; King's College. London;
and Simon
Boli,·:.11·
l
'niversiry.
Venezuela.
I
-Kristen
Limauro
'92
,\IAIH:,T
,\lt\G:\Zl:-E
•
1992



























UR
RE
;:--.JT
S
27 player,; \\'ith expectations
for
;1 \\
inning season. "They're
good kids \\'ho are
,,·orking
real hard and pa1ien1ly aw:1i1-
ing the beginning of the sea-
son," s:1id Smith.
'.:)ome
of
the
colleges the
ba~ehall team will pl:1y this
season include Arnll', S1.
John's, and Princel<;n,
Freshman :0-lau Bourne.
third baseman from Glendale.
;\e\\'
York,
said af1er working
out in
the
fieldhouse for
several \\ eeb, he and his
team members fed confident
abou1
1heir
skills and are
anxious for
the
.,eason
to st:lrt.
"Since it's our first season we
have a lot of freshmen and
junior college
1ransfers
who
are going to have to take on
leadership
roles," said Bourne.
Softball team
pitcher Kristin
Wallace,
left, and baseball team's Matt Bourne take advantage of the
warmer
weather
to
practice
outdoors.
The solUx11l 1e:Im. al-
though somewha1 young-
with 11 freshmen,
1
sopho-
mores and a junior-is
opti-
mistic about its chances. "Even
as a young team there's
a
lot
of 1alen1 here and I think it
looks
promising because we
seem to
Ix:
working well
together,'' said freshman
centerl1elder Patricia Ann
Ackermann from Mahopac.
i'/e\\' York.
I
Play Ball!
Division
I
Baseball
Arrives
ON
SOME
cold Februa,y
evenings the sound of balls
ricoche1ing
off
1he
walls of
1he
James
J.
McCann Center
fieldhouse were dis1inc1. But
ii
was
no1
from 1he basketball
teams practicing nor from a
game in progress.
II was
1he
new Maris!
women's varsiry softball 1eam
gearing up for
i1s
first-ever
spring season. While
1he
Ieam
wai1ed for wanner days, the
athletes spent two hours, five
to six nights a week polishing
their skills.
"We're
in
here un1il the
wea1her begins
10
\\'arm up,''
said KrisIin Wallace, a freshman
pitcher from Upper Marlboro,
Maryland. "It's just
100
cold
10
prac1ice outside now."
A balling cage and pitching
machine are set up at one encl
of
the
fielclhouse and Coach
Tom Chiavelli is on one side of
1he baske1ball coun hilling
ground balls
10
his
infield
play-
ers. ·'We've met our expecta-
Iions for the season so far and
ha\'e more players now than we
did
in
September," said
Chiavelli.
Gene Dorb, director of
athletics, said
this
past Septem-
ber, Marist College expanded
its
program
10
include women's
softball and men's baseball to
meet NCAA
requirements
for
Division
I
level spons. "We
added these spons because
they
MARIST MAGAZINE
•
1992
were conference spons and
both are very big
in
the Hudson
Valle)•,'' said Dori~.
Increased studenl interest
also caused the a1hle1ic depart-
ment to acid these sports, he
said. "There wen~ a number of
cases where students petitioned
10 bring baseball on board,"
said Doris.
Men·s coach Art Smith has
ocen \\'Orking \\'ilh 1he team's
-Jennifer
Johamiesse11
'92
Fine
Arts major
Lauren
Brooks
shows one of her paintings
to Trustee John Gartland, Jr.,
president of the
James J.
Mccann
Foundation,
at
left, Richard Lewis, director of
studio arts,
and
President Dennis J.
Murray.
Brooks is
a
1992
Mccann
Scholarship recipient. The Mccann
Scholarship
program,
which recently exceeded $1 million In scholarship awards,
is now In its
20th year
and has
assisted several
hundred
local area students over
the
years.
5




























6
U
RR
E :\ITS
Taking time out to give something back
Marist administrator
volunteers in Haitian dental clinic
FOR DR.
R.
MARK
St
LLl\'At\,
pulling
1eeth
at
the
Haitian
I
Ieal1h
Foundation
w,1s easy-too
easy.
·•since
the mos1 plentirul
frxxl in
Haili is
sugar cane.
this
tend.,
to
lead
to
gum
disease,"
Sulli,·an. executi, c vice prcsi-
dem of i\larist College, ex-
phlined.
"Of1en. patient,- who came
into
the
clinic
had
soft gums.
But
usually
the
tooth would just
come out with one easy tug on
the instrument I
was using. Not
being a dentbt.
I wa,-
pleased
the
procedure
w;1s relatively
simple and presumahly pain-
less."
Pulling teeth in
I
!;1iti may
be easy, but not much else is.
That's not surprising
\\'hen
considering ;1 land of such
startling and spectacular con-
trasts:
an
island
with one of rhe
most beautiful coastlines in
the
world. with cities
rolling
under
a decaying
infras1ruc1ure;
a
coun11y once
rich in
natural
resources,
but now the p<x>rest
in
the
Western
I
Jemisphere; a
pl,1ce where in a hotel room
like Sullivan's in Port-t\u-
Prince.
one can
have
the
luxu1y
of watching ESPN. but not
the
convenience of running water.
Sulli\'an, \\'hose trip
last
year
lasted l
O
days. n:called
one of
the
first
images
that
confronted him when he got
off
the
plane
that
Gt11'ied
him
to
l
lai1i's
capital. Po11-t\u-Prin(·c.
'There
was
hardly any electric-
ity in
the
city. E\'eryone was
out sit1ing
in
the streets. It
wa"
like this place \\'a:, a cemury
behind
the times,"
he said.
It
wasn't just
the
mass of
humanity that was so shock-
ing:
iL
was
the
conditions in
which
most
I Iaitians lived.
"There were rows and rows of
shanties constructed of
\\'(xxl,
tarpaper. shingles or whate,er
the family th:it lived 1here
could find." Sullivan com-
mented.
The purposeofSulli,·,111's
visit to
I
faiti
was
to do some
volunteer
,vork
for an old
friend, Dr. Jeremiah
LO\\'n<:)'.
Lowney b an orthodonris1
in
Norwich. Connecticut. Ten
years ago, Lowney fought ,1
R. Mark Sullivan works on a patient at the Haitian Health
Foundation. Sullivan, Marist's Executive Vice President, went
to Haiti to do volunteer work at the HHF dental clinic.
bout \\'ilh cancer. After
recm
-
ering from the life-threaLening
disease. he began plans on a
he,tlth clinic in.Jeremie. I laiti. a
to\\·n on the north\\'estern tip
of the island. II \\'as 1ime for the
sa,·ed to do some saving of his
O\\
n.
Lo\\'ney
started in I laiti by
exLracting the Leeth of needy
I laitians in
the
backstreet allevs
of tht: Pon-Au-Prince slums. ,
Today, Lo\\'ney·s personal
mission has been
transformed
into a full-fledged medical and
dental clinic treaLing between
.300
and
400
patients ;1 day and
recei,·ing
parti:11 funding from
the L".S. Government and
various CaLholic charities. The
clinic
is
housed in one of the
city's more mcxlern building:-.
built wi1h funding r:1ised by
Lo\\'ney, Bishop Daniel Reilly
of Norwich and many others
m·er the
last
decade.
Sulliv;1n knew Lowney
hack
when Sulli\'an \\as
Deputy Commissioner for
Higher Education for the State
of Connecticut and Lov. ney
was chairman of the Mare·:-
I3oard of!
ligher
Education.
"Jerry kept asking me to come
do\\'n, on one of his frc:quen1
missions to.Jeremie. but I
always had one excuse or
another. I just decided to go ...
Su Iii, an said. Also on
the trip
was Dr. John Lahey, former
executi\·c
, ice
president at
,\larisl
and now pr<.!sident
of Quinnipiac Colkge in
Connecticut.
Sulli1·an knew only a
little
French
10
minimally commu-
nicate in rhe French-Creole
language.
Dc:spite the clinic·s
hea,-y \\'ork load. he said
he
did nor spend the entire time
pulling teeth or working on
equipment
in
the clinic.
Sullivan was able to visit
some French-Canadian Marist
Brothers
"ho
operate a
school about
30
miles outside
of Jeremie. Sullivan said it
\\'as
,·err inspirational
to sec
the work being done
by
the
i\1arist
Brothers.
"The
school
had
300
students and
1he Broth-
ers
\\'ere
te,1Ching chemisuy
with onl) rudimenta1y equip-
ment. or no equipment
;it
all."
he said. "Yet
it
still
is
1he
best
form of education a
I
Jai1ian
child rnn ge1.··
The
,\larist
Broth..:rs, accord-
ing to Sulli,·an, only charge
S'iO
a
year for
tuition
compared 10
the
approximate!) S200 annu;tl cos1
for
public
school education.
I laiti:tn
per capita income
is le.,s
1han S
1,000
a year.
and the
,\!;1rist Brothers often pro\'ide
free education for students
who
cannot afford the
lllition.
Sulliv;1n ;ilso \\'cnt on trips
into villages located in the
more
remote, interior pans of the
cou111ry with a Peace Corps
worker from
Atlanta.
Georgia
and a U.S.
AID
prgram coordina-
tor. They were checking on
children
in\'Ol\'ed in
a clinic-run
nutritional program. "The pur-
pose of the \'isits ro the counuy-
side
was 10 make
sure ne"·
mothers \\'ere
pro\'ided proper
mnrirional care for 1heir babies.
Haili has one of
the
highest
infant
mortality
rates
in
the
world. So this program is vital."
Sullivan said he witnessed
many unselfish acts of mercy
during his
1·isit
to
I laiti.
I
le
said
rhe work being done by the
Peace Corps college student,
the
,\larist Brothers. Jeremiah
Lownev
:md
others like
the
nuns
who ru'n the clinic on a perma-
nent basis and those at Mother
Teresa's
I
lospice
in Haiti's
capi-
tal who take care of AIDS-devas-
tated I lairians. ga,·e him a
greater appreciation for the
simple things
in life.
"There
arc
so many
1hings 10
be found
\\'anting in I Iaiti." he said.
'Things
like lx1sic
health care are
non-existen1."
Sulli\'an said he would like
to
go back
to
I
biti soon and he'd
like to entice some students
to
accompany him.
Still, he do" nplays his role.
"I went down there and
worked for a week :111d
a half,"
said Sulli1·an. ·Ks
1he
missionar-
ies and
,·olunleer~
doing work
down
there
all tht: time. every
day, that are the
true
heroes of
the world."
I
-Chris
Shea
'92
MARIST
MAGAZINE•
1992








































U R
RE
:'-JT
S
The Circle goes electronic
cited voting s1,nistics: voter
turnout
\\·as
6-1
percent in the
1960
Presidential election,
/47
percent
in
1988:
in
1984,
the
turnout among college gradu-
ates
was
78
percent,
and
42
percent among
high
school
dropouLs.
"One
can
reach
a very
logical
conclusion," Shea said.
"The same
people who don't
read newspapers
also
don't
vote."
Editor
concerned about the future of print journalism
He
said
newspapers have
lost credibility among
readers
and economic
pressures
force
them to
"market"
themselves. As
a
result, he
said,
they
have
had
10 resort
to
replacing hard news
with "softer,
human-interest
stories with
little practical value
other
than to
help a
paper
sell
iLself.''
With
the deterioration of
the value of
newspapers,
Shea
warned of a period
where the
country could
be
governed
less
on
information
and more on
superficial glitz.
lT
HAPPENS
EVERY DAY.
An imponant a11icle gets
thrown
out along with a stack of yel-
lowing
newspapers,
or someone
cuL5 a coupon-sized hole in the
middle of an interesting story.
For readers
of 1be Circle, those
are
problems
of another em.
With as linle effort as
a few
keystrokes,
they
now
have
access to any sto1y
from
as far
back as the
1
ovember
J
991
issue.
With the
student-rnn
weekly
newspaper
going on line earlier
this year, the
newspaper's
current and
back
issues are
stored in
the
College's
main-
frame
computer and can
be
called up at computer
work
stations throughout
the
campus.
By keying in
C-1-R-C-L-E, the
Marist College community
now
have
access
lo
this
warehouse
of back
issues.
Even stories that
were
edited
down
or eliminated
from the ne\vspaper
can be
read
in
their
original form.
Chris Shea, editor in chief of
'!be
Circle this year, said com-
puter
access is
more
conveniem
for
currcm
readers
and provides
a more durable archive of
weekly evems at the college.
Shea, who
plans
to auend
law
school, wrote
recently that the
development
of electronic news
caches
may
prove
to
be
critical
to the
survival of
newspapers.
"Johann
Gutenberg would
be scared," Shea said
"His
invention,
movable
type, wa~
one of
the most impo11ant
in
world
history;
yet 1od;1y the
newspaper,
an offspring of
J\IAIHST
MAGAZINE
•
1992
Gutenberg's creation and the
best-known use for it,
is dying.''
I
le
said
it
was
not until the
advent of
the American Revolu-
tion
and the creation of
the
First
Amendment
that the
ne\\'S-
paper"s
true
worth
was
appreci-
ated.
But that is
changing
rapidly, he said. "The pillars on
which
newspapers
stand are
The Center
for Lifetime
Study
Cultural and
intellectual growth
for retired people
T,
u~
SPRJ,G,
per:s0n:,
55
years :ind
older
have
some-
thing
to
look forwar<l to
besides the warm weather.
The
.Marist College
Center
for
Lifetime Srudy pro\·ides new
opportunities
for intellectual
and cultural
exploration for
men and women
of
retire-
ment age.
The driving forces
behind
the
creation of
the
center are
Jonah and Joan Shennan.
The
center is ~upponed by a gift
from the
estate of
Rose
Sherman of Poughket:psie.
.\1aris1
College President
Dennis
J.
:vlurray s,iid.
"We're
grateful 10 Jonah and
decaying," Shea said.
He
cited
newspaper
statistics:
J
,745
newspapers in
1980,
1,611
in
1991,
down
8
percenl;
sepa-
rately owned newspapers
in
only
47
cities
in
1986;
readership at
62
million for
20
years.
while
popu-
lation
grew;
78
percent reader-
ship among
20-29
year-olds
in
1957,
42
percent
in
1977.
And
he
It was with
such
thoughts
in mind
that he
arranged
to
make
7be
Circle available
through the campus-wide com-
puter
network
at
Marist. The
newspaper's readership
is
high,
he said, but, '·Even if we add
one or
r.vo more
a
week, that's
worthwhile."
I
As a membershi/HUn educational organization, members
plan all of the Center for Lifetime Study's activities and
programs.
Pictured
at
a planning meeting, from left, are Mildred Arpino,
Special Events Committee; Joan Sherman, Curriculum Commit-
tee; Jonah Sherman, Planning Committee; Eleanor Charwat,
executive director, Marlst School of Adult Education; Dr.
George Hooper, Administration Committee.
Joan Sherman for helping us
develop t)1e
concept
or
the
lifetime institute.: with the
bequest
of
his aunt."
CL'i is a
member,,hip-run
non-profit
educational organi-
zation under the sponsorship
of
,\larist College.
:'\lore than
750
inquirie~ were recci\ed
from
;111
initial
mailing.
Further information i~
av:1ilahle
through ,\Llri,t's
School of
Adult
Education.
I
-Evelyn
Henia,ulez
'92




























8
U
RR
E
NT
S
Douglas Cole, left,
asistant
professor
of Communication
Arts,
and
his
production team,
left
to
right,
junior
Carolyn Powell,
senior
Trish
Rizzuto and Kevin
Scatigno
'92,
view
footage
from the video
presentation
Making
Strides Against Cancer.
Actor Paul Sorvino, left
screen, was one of dozens of
volunteers who contributed to the program.
Video Volunteers
Professor and students create lasting images
Our
TiiERE
in this vast
expanse of
land
we call
America
are probably thousands
of former smokers who should
credit Douglas Cole for aiding
their decision
to
kick the habit.
Cole, an assistant professor
of Communication
Arts
at
Marist
College, produced several
award-wining anti-smoking
public
service announcements,
one of which was broadcast
nationally. That type of corrunit-
ment
to
a cause is
typical
of
Cole. When a campaign cmches
Cole's attention, he devotes all
his creative energies
to it. He
anacks not-for-profit projeCL5
with the same fe,vor as a Madi-
son Avenue advertising execu-
tive wich a lucrative account.
And Cole's enthusiasm is
infec-
tious.
As his communication arts
students can anest, learning
transcends
the traditional class-
room selling.
Cole, who has taught
television
production ;n Marist
College since
!986,
immerses
students in actual production
situations where they perform
services for non-profit organiza-
tions such as the American
Lung Association, the Mid-
Hudson Library System, Youth
Against Racism and Ulster
Counry's Scop DWI program.
''If
you have a skill that can
be put to good use, why not use
it?" Cole says of his on-going
involvement with the American
Cancer Society. '·And at the
same time, if you can provide a
student with a valuable learning
experience-great!"
In 1987, Cole received a
Telly award for a series of anti-
smoking spots he directed. I
Ie
worked on another public
service announcement con-
ceived by Athana Mosetis, direc-
tor of public relations for the
American Cancer Society's New
York Ciry division, which de-
picted "Betsy," a three-year-old
girl staring at the camera plead-
ing with her parents to stop
smoking. The spot earned na-
tional recognition and was
subsequently distributed to
television stations across
the
country.
"He's a wonderful volun-
teer," Mosctis said, "and he
helped make our anti-smoking
campaign a great success."
Former Marist student
Joe
Podesta,
Jr.,
'88
accompanied
Cole on most of the shoots for
the public service announce-
ment. Podesta
is
operations
manager of the Phoenix
Communications Group, an
organization also known
inter-
nationally as Major League
Baseball Productions.
The American Cancer Soci-
ecy
invited
Cole and Podesta to
join its
National Puhlic
Informa-
tion
Committee, a panel of
media experts serving the
public's interest. Cole said they
serve with dedicated volunteers
such as film and television
actress Angela Lansbu1y.
"if
you have a skill
that can be put to
good use, why not use
it?" Cole says
of his involvement
with the American
Cancer Society.
"And
at the same time,
if
you can provide a
student with a vahl.-
able learning
experi-
ence--great!"
·'J'm intrigued by the fact
that a faculty member and a
former student have been for-
mally
invited
to become part of
this comminee. I think it speaks
well for Marist," Cole said. Last
fall, Cole, two advanced televi-
sion production students,
Carolyn Powell and Tricia
Rizzuto,
and Marist graduate
Kevin Scatigno
'92
volunteered
their
time
to
shoot the .. Making
Strides Against Cancer" move-
along event al Manhattan's
South Street Seaport. Powell
polished
her
on-camera inter-
viewing skills for a video the
ACS will send
lO
corporations
nationwide.
She also assisted
in videotaping and editing the
event. Powell, who hopes
10
work in television after gradua-
tion, said .. The experience
opened doors for my future.
I was able to meet
interesting
media people and gain some
valuable hands-on experience."
When on shooting assign-
ments, Cole said
he
and the
student stand on equal ground
as professionals. Sometimes
he
lets the students take the reins
and work
independently.
For
example,
Rizzuto
and Scatigno
attended a media press confer-
ence for the "Great American
Smokeout" in New York Ciry.
For Scatigno, it was a rare op-
portunity
10
be in the midst of
working professionals. "Tt was
really a unique experience.
I
got
to see how the networks
handle
press conferences and
to
ask the
camera crews questions about
their work," Scatigno said.
For
three
years, Cole and his
students have been involved
with a project called
'"A
Parry
With Oscar," a black tie dinner
sponsored by the Dutchess
County
Art
Association as a fund
raising event for the Barren
House Art School and Gallery in
Poughkeepsie. The students
document
the
event on video-
tape and manage all the techni-
cal aspecL~ such as controlling
the giant screen television pre-
sentation of the Oscar broadcast.
The payoff for Cole is not
in the awards or recognition
he receives. His devotion
to
these volunteer projects and
his practice of working with
his students, he admiued, is a
source of
lasting
smisfaction.
.. You have to give something
back to society. It sounds like a
diche but it's true-that's
why
I
do it," Cole said.
I
-April
M. Amonica
'92
MA RIST MAGAZINE•
1992




















Covrn
STORY
The Hudson River:
AN ational Treasure
C
hatting
with
her, it is
possible to
forget that this
woman
has
earned
the thanks
of
generations to
come
who
may never know
that
saving
the planet
was once an
issue.
ing c1y heard 'round
the
world
in
the struggle
to protect
the environ-
ment.
Frances
Stevens
Reese is petite,
gracious,
precise,
and
thoroughly
at
home in the
comfort-
able elegance of
the big
white
house in
Hughsonville,
New
York.
The
house
over-
FRANCES STEVENS REESE
A gentle woman who has
Storm King Mountain
is
one of the most heau-
tiful spots
in
the world. It
rises like
a sugar
loaf
almost straight
up from
the
water's edge on
the
west
hank
of the
Hudson River near
Cornwall,
1
ew York.
Like most
of the
time-
worn ancient mountains
in
the eastern United
learned to play hardball in
a worthy cause
looks
Wappingers Creek
near
where
the
creek
pours through the
Hudson
River's
eastern shore.
Fittingly, the place is
called
Obercreek.
A dog
named Charlie is
with
us
in
the west-facing
parlor
that
lets in
as
much light
as
the
winny sky has to
give. A caretaker, who
brought us tea
and cookies,
is
elsewhere
in the house.
Charlie wants
the
cook-
ies,
or affection, and gets only
loving rebuffs.
"Go
on,
now,
Charlie!
Will
you
please
go over
there now
and stop
this!
o,
I
won't go for a
walk.
..
" Mrs.
Reese
says wid1 a tone of severity
that
the dog
sees
through.
Our
talk focuses on environmental
issues
and
States,
it is relatively tree-
covered to
its
crest.
Back in the
early
1960s,
Con
Edison wanted to blast away enough of the
moun-
tain to turn it into
a
huge
pumped-storage hydro-
elecn-ic
power
generator. The New York City-based
utility planned
to pump river
water
up
to a man-
made reservoir
on
top
eve1y
night.
The water would
then
be
released during
the
''peak
demand" daylight
hours to
generate electricity simply
by
falling
through
turbines
enroute back to the
river.
The idea
had a ce1tain
mechanistic
appeal. but would have
clest1·oyecl
a landscape and affected
die river flow
and
its
ecology.
The
Storm King case
did
more than save
the
begins with
the legal battle
about Storm
King,
die mountain that became
a rally-
BY
EDWARD
A.
HYNES
mountain. It gave people ·'standing''
to
COlllilllll!d
OIi
next page
1-IARIST MAGAZINE•
1992
9
































FRANCES STEVENS REESE
sue
in
environmental cases,
the right to
go
to
couit
to
protect
natural assets that they
share
but do
not
own-lU<e the
air.
and
water, and
the beauty
of
the
landscape.
Before Storm King, the first question put to
an
individual or group
in
cou1t to
prevent
some
destruc-
tive
development
was likely to
he:
'Do
you own
the
riverr Storm King meant they no
longer
had to pass
that test. And that has
made
all
the difference,
ever since.
Franny Reese was in the middle
of all
that
as cha
tr
or co-chair of Scenic
Hudson,
the environmental
group d1at
led
d1e fight for 18
years. She
joined
the
organization
in
1964
and
today,
she says,
is
"only
emeritus."
The words suggest
retirement,
but
she says
other
things,
too,
and
they reveal the truth:
"ft eats your
heart
and soul. Every
time
you
think
you
can draw
a
breath,
someiliing else
happens.
If
you care
about
it,
which
I
certainly
do,
you
have
to be
willing
to
be
on
the
spot
because, if d1ere's
a crisis,
that means
some-
one wants something
badly
enough
to
take
it from
you.
You better he
there,
too."
She
is an active
member
of Scenic
Hudson's
executive and
land trust
committees, and
is
on
the
boards
of several other organizations
that
serve a
range
of
public interests in the Hudson Valley
and
ew
York
City.
For
Marist College, she serves as
chair of
the Board
of
Trustees Committee
on
Srudent
Life.
She
confoms
the impo1tance
of Storm King
in
rwo
words-"Oh,
yes'·-and switches
immediately
to
the
present.
"We
had
another
big. prececlent-serting
thing
just
last week.''
she says.
"Could
have been
a
tetTible
precedent
if
the
suit
that the developers brought
against
Scenic Hudson
and
its
directors had
been
successful...
a
so-called SLAPP suit, a Strategic
Lawsuit Against Public Patticipation.··
The
case
had been
repo1tecl
this
way
in the
Poughkeepsie
journal
a few
clays
earlier:
"An
Atmonk
developer must pay
Scenic
Hudson
$29.500 for
t1ying to
silence
its
opposition
to
a condominium
development...
in
what environmentalists called
a
victory for
First An1endrnenr rights.,.
co111i1111ed
011
page
12
Marist's
Environmental
Science Program
Students embrace region's vast
natural resources
KIMBERLY
RErn
said
she
grew
up
in a very small
town
with
nothing
to
do except
play
in the woods
and question her
wilderness
surroundings.
13y
the
time
she
left home
for college,
Reed
!me"'·
environmental
sciences
would h,1ve
to
play
a major
role
in her future.
She
found
her niche
at
Marist
College.
where
she
is
a junior
majoring in environmental
science.
"I couldn't
picture myself
doing anything
but
in the
sciences and
when it came
time
to picking
a major, there
really
wasn't
any other option:•
said
Reed.
Marist College's
Division
of
Science, riding
on
the
heels of
Earth Day L990
and an
increas-
ing public concern
about pre-
serving
the
earth's
resources,
has
seen a
rise in
the
number
of
environmental science
majors--
the largest
in
the College·s
history.
The program, which began
in
d1e
early
1970s,
has
experi-
enced
its
share of enrollment
peaks
and valleys, according
to
Thomas Lynch,
director of
the
environmental science
program.
In
the late 1970s, the program
was
popular
because
of a
period
of environmental
activ-
ism. Lynch. an associate
profes-
sor of
biology.
said
through the
1980s,
however, the
program's
enrollment slipped.
"We
had
only graduated
I
4
students over
the
last five
years," said
Lynch. Last fall,
the
program admitted 45
freshmen.
They
have
joined
20
other
students
in
the
program, he
said. "If
these
enrollment
trends
continue for a couple of years.
we are going
to
have to
sit
down
and see how
many
stu-
dents we can handle
based
upon
the
College's
resources.··
said
Lynch. According
to Lynch,
the
number of applications
and
inquiries the admissions office
has received this year
is
compa-
rable to
last
year"s applicant
pool.
Kun Klein,
an environmen-
tal science major,
is
one of
those
student"
whose
enroll-
ment
in
the
envirorunental
science
program
resulted
from
this national resurgence
of
interest
in
environmental issues.
A Red Hook,
ew
York resi-
dent, Klein
said
he developed
an
interest in the
subject
as a
child because of
hb mother's
involvement
in
environmental
concerns.
The
sophomore said
he has
seen
the program
grow
significantly.
"T
know
there are a lot
more
freshmen
in the
program
than
when
I
came
in."
Klein
said. "The increased
number is
probably
due to environmental
issues
like
global
wanning
and
the
concern about
the
ozone
layer
that
have arisen."
Another major attrnction is
the
exposure
Marist
College
students
have
to a
variety
of
exeptional
natural
resources,
especially
the I
Iuclson River.
which nows just beyond the
College's
front
yard.
Students
also
have
:Iccess
to
several
streams,
forests
and
marshes
near
the campus
as
well
as
permis.sion to conduct studies
on the grounds of
two national
historic
sites.
the
V;mderbih
and
Roosevelt
estates, just
10
minutes from
the College.
In
addition,
Marist
College
has
just
been
given access
to
90 acres
of
wooded
area in
Hyde Park,
New
York.
for
teaching
and
research purposes.
Marist
Col-
lege also has
an arrangement
with
the
Cary Arboretum,
a
world-class re~earch
center on
a I
,900-acre
land
parcel
near
Millbrook.
New
York, which
will enable students
to research
environmental and ecological
problems
facing
trees
and
other
plant
life.
Jeffrey
Janota,
a senior,
said
he was
attracted to Marist
College's environmental science
program
because it
capitalizes
on such
regional
natural
re-
sources. "I've been interested in
environmental science since
I
BY
JENNIFER
CHANDLER
'92
AND
BETH
Cm,RAD
'92
J\IARIST
:VIAGAZINE
•
1992
























Thomas Lynch,
associate
professor
of
biology,
examines
water
samples
from the Hudson River
with environmental science
majors
Kurt Klein
and
Jack Kunicki.
was a li1tle
kid.
I thought Marist
was
in
the
perfect area
to
con-
duct environmental expcri-
mems."
he said.
Janota,
an Aberdeen, New
Jersey resident,
said his expo-
sure to
the
region and
to
the
College's environmental science
program arc ideal complements
to
his
career plans.
"I
w;111t
to
work
for a government agency
like the
Environmental Protec-
tion Agency
or
the
(New York
State) Dcpanmem of Environ-
mental Conservation and even-
lllally
move to
a
private sector
environmental assessment firm.''
Janota said.
Like Janota his classmate,
Klein s.iid the skills and experi-
ences
he
has acquired
in the
environmental science program
h:we bolstered his detennina-
lion for a career in
that
area.
I
le said "I plan to go to gradu-
ate school
to
study mainly
botany or ecology or something
,\IARIST
MAGAZINE•
1992
Marist's program
combines 21st
century technology
with
the
area's
rich
natural resources.
in
that
realm,"
he said.
Students who major in
el1\·ironmental science arc
required
to
do a six-credit
internship
or a senior-research
thesis.
This type of hands-on
experience exposes students
lO
the
opt!rations
in
organizations
im·olved with environmental
issues, such as public health
agencies, waterworks and
recycling departments in local
municipalities.
The program's focilitics had
to undergo some changes
recently
to
adapt to
its
growth.
Donnelly Hall,
where
science
classes and offices ;ire
located.
has experienced an S8 million
rcnov.ition
and features the
accommodation of more
science facilities; overall.
13
new
science
!,1bs
have
been
developed.
The
environmental
science
program
alone is part
of
a
new complex of
sL'I:
well-
equipped
laboratories
and
a
connecting greenhouse.
A
well-
furnished chemistry
instrumen-
tation
lab,
for example. exposes
students
to
sophisticated scien-
tific
equipment that's usually
only available to stud<.'nts in
grnduate school. said Lynch.
Another new addition is
a
computer program called
"Geographic Information
Systems,
..
which is used to
convert
large
masses of data
irno a map form which pro,·ides
em·ironmental assessments of
geographic are;1s.
Andre\\· J\lollo\', chair of the
Division of Science, illustr:ned
how the system works:
Ir
the
user warned to find
the
best
en,·ironment for a panda bear to
live,
the
bcar's needs, sud1 as
focxl.
shelter and access
to
water. would he entered irno
the computer. The computer
would then develop a map of
the
top
three ar<.'as
where
the
panda could survive.
J\lolloy said
the
first group
of ~tlldcnts taking the
class
are learning
,l
,
aluablc skill.
"Students who know how to
use the GJS will hav<.' a jump on
the job market when they
gr.1duate." said
,\lolloy.
"h's a
powerful
tool
to
luve
in their
toolbox
as
1hey go out
to
look
for work ...
,\lolloy said he bclie,es
!'-larist Coilcge·s en,·ironmenwl
scicm:e program will emerge as
one of
the
best
in
the \1011heast
bernust•
it
combines the
College·s 2bt centllly
techno-
logical t~tpabilities with the rich
natural resources of the Mid-
lludson
area.
I
11









































FRANCES STEVENS REESE
A
gentle woman who
has leamed
to
play hardball
in
a wo1thy cause, Mrs.
Reese
comments
tl1at the
developer
"bought
the property
for S9.6
million
and
sold
it
for
$13,300,000
two years
later
and
he
still was
bellyaching. He
said
that
ew
York
State and all of
us were in
cahoots, etcetera, etcetera.
And the judge
threw it
out."
The conversation shifts back
to
Storm King.
Mrs. Reese:
"I
was so starry-eyed when Storm
King
was
over, because I thought,
well,
the
final
mediation
with the
utilities
was
tremendous. But
one of
the
things
we
have learned is that mediation really
only
works
if
both
sides
have
something to
put
on
the
scale.
If
you're so
low
on
tl1e totem pole that
you
have nothing
to
negotiate
with,
nothing to
offer,
it
isn't
going
to
work.
One
of
the things
that one can
put into the pile,
of course,
is
public
"
...
it's easier
to save
Alaska than
one piece of
the
Huds01L"
opinion.
"I
feel, more
and
more
and
more
that
we're entering an era where
what each
individual does is
going
to
be
absolutely
more impottant than it's
ever
been. We have been depending
12
on Scenic Hudson,
the
Natural
Re-
sources
Defense
Council,
the
Clearwater,
tl1e
State,
you
name it.
"But
it's
only
too
obvious
that,
with
the number
of
people involved in the Hudson River
Valley,
it's
easier
to
save
Alaska than
one
piece
of
the
Hudson.
We
cannot
do it without
each
individual's
really
wholehea1ted concern.
"When we think of all
the
things
that have
to
do
with
our
physical
well-being,
and
then we
think
about
our
recreational
and spiritual well-being, we've
got
to really,
each of
us,
pay anention. So I
feel
ve1y
strongly
iliac
you can't
depend just
on giving
15
bucks
or
20
bucks to
somebody
to represent
you.
That's impo,taot. Heaven knows,
I'm
always drum-
ming
around,
looking
for
money. But it's
also
indi-
vidual caring, and
do
you
pressure the legislature,
and
do
you
pick
up
messes,
and
do
you
throw
your
old
battery
in
tl1e dump
or
in the
bushes?
I do
awful
lazy things, too. Bur, those
are all questions
tl1at
we
have to
ask ourselves.
contil/lted on
page 14
Marist's Stone Buildings
Three
buildings
placed on National
Register of Historic Places
Tl IREF
.\lll)-'\I,ETEE:S-71I
century :-.tone buildings
in
the
!wan
of the
,\larist
College
campu, han: been listed on the
;\:ational Register of I
Iistoric
Plact:s. the nation'.-; ofncial list of
propenies \\ onhy of prcse;:rva-
tion.
They
comprbe
a four-acrt:
historic district no,, known as
the Rosenlund Estate: Sterne
Buildings
al
,\larist
College. The
listing \Yas made
on
the basis of
the
structure:-.·
architectural
.,ignific:mn:
as highly intact
examples of the Gothic
Re\fral
sryle,
the
prominence
of
the
architt:cl. and the;: imponance of
the.se buildings
to
the history of
:\larist College. Greystone. St.
Pe;:ter·s.
and
the Kieran
Brennan
Gate I
louse
are all that remains
of rhe estate of a wealthy
Poughkeepsie
industrialist.
Edward Bech. The grounds
of
this
estate. name;:d
·Rosenlund'
by the Danish immigrant. \\'ere
developed circa
1865
:It
a pe-
riod
when major tracts of
I
Iudson
Rin::r
land were being
purchased by \\'Calthy business-
men for coumry estates. Bech
\\'.ts
:1
panne;:r in
the
Poughkeepsie
Iron \'.forks
Company, a
thriving riverfront
indu~uy that prospered with the
aclve;:nt
of the Delaware and
I Iudson Canal
,mcl
Hail
road. He
also
was
a partner in
the
Br
St..:sA.--.:
RoELLER 13RO\,r;-.i
Cunard Stt:amship Company
and
\,·as the
first Danish Consul
in
;--./e\,.
York from
18-12-1858.
l3ech·1,
f"riend
and fellow (·oun-
tryman.
Detlef
Lienau.
a
promi-
nent
archill·ct. was commis-
sioned to design a main house:
of stone
,h
well as se,·cral
dt:pendencies. or out buildings.
The
l:uropL·:111-educated
Lienau
had come to :-S:e\\ York
in
1848
and established himself
as
one
of America·s
leading
architects.
Among his
many
achie\'emems
\\'ere the design of the first
example of the French Second
Em
pit\'
sryle
in
:-S:ew
York and
the introduction
to America of
the
mansard r<xifstyle.
typified
by
the French chateau.
I
le
also
wa:-. a co-founder of the Ameri-
can
Institute
of Architects and
acti\
ely
pa11icipated in its fonna-
tive years.
Oue
to
Bech's dea1h in
!873.
Liem1Li's
gr:ind design for
Rosenlund'.s main house was
never executed.
I
lowe,·e;:r, the
dependencies
known
:is the
carriage house (Greystone),
the
gardener's couage (St.
Peter's),
and
the
gatehouse :-.un·ive today
as
the;:
few re;:maining examples
of Gothic
Re,
ival estate archi-
tecture along
the I
ludson
River.
ln
1905,
the J\larist Brothers
purch:1sed
the McPherson estate
just
north
of the Bech property
and established St. Ann's
Iler-
mitage. In
1908.
the Brothers
Viggo Bech Rambusch, right, descendent of 19th
century
indus-
trialist Edward Bech,
who
owned
the Rosenlund
Estate,
views
the
display
in
Donnelly Hall
which
portrays the
founders and builders
of
the
College.
He Is
accompanied by
Susan Roeller Brown,
Executive
Assistant to the
President,
and
Walter Averill,
a
Poughkeepsie
historian.
1'1ARIST
t-lAGAZINE
•
1992
















































































































The Kieran Gate House
is an example
of
Gothic
Revival
architecture.
written in
stone
The original structures of the
:,.
larist
College stone buildings have
held up for more
than
a ct:ntury. but
their
original name., ha1·en·t.
Greystone.
the Kieran
Brennan Gate
I
louse
and St. Peter's are relatively
nell'
identities
for the former out
buildings of wealthy industrialist
Edll'ard
Bech's
country estate.
Ouring
the
College·, earliest <bys.
when it ll'as
still knoll'n a, .vlarian
College,
the
reno1·atcd carriage house
was
surrounded by
1nxxlen
Mnic-
tures. This building,
11
ith
its
clistinc-
ti1·e grey stone
\\'alls,
ll'as
nicknamed
"Greystonc"
by
the ,\larist
Brothers
on campus.
The gardener's cottage became
kno11 n as St.
Peter's
heGtuse sen:ral
.\lari-,t
Brothers 11·ho
lin:d
there
taught at the St.
Peter's
parish school
in Poughkeepsie. The Gate
I
louse
acquired
the Bech
estate,
join-
underwl:nt l:Xtl:nsi,·e renova-
Kieran Brennan
Gate
I
louse.
acquirc:d ih more fom1al
name,
the
ing
the two
propenies
to
form
tions
in
1928.
Today. Greystone
which until
a
few years ago
"KiL·1w1
Gate
I
louse" in
October
1990
the
core of the present Marist
houses
the
President's and
still marked
the
1rn1in
en-
when it was dedicated to
the
late
College campus.
Additional
admissions offkes
where
once
trance
to
the campus. is
Brother
Kier:.111
Thoma.,
Brennan.
A
propeny has
since been added
fine coaches and carriage
horses
now the
home of
founder and longtime
trustee
of
at the northern end of campus.
were kept. Administrati1e off1ccs
President
Emeritu~
~
:-.htnst Collt:ge.
Brother Brennan
was
Greystonc, which
when
now occupy St.
Peter's which
Brother
Paul
~
"'""
-✓
·=·
1hc director of student brothers from
J~il<
doody
mic,cred
<he
<ylc
odgimlly hou.-ed
,he
c<,<c ·,
Amhm~.
I
:
f'
~-~~
1
195
1
to
196-t.
of St.
Peter's
and
the
gatehouse,
gardener and hi., family.
The
l'"
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Rendering
of the work
horses
stable,
left,
and the carriage
house
by
19th
century architect
Detlef Lienau. The
carriage
house,
known
today as Greystone, houses the
President's
and admissions offices.
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Ard,t'



































FRANCES STEVENS REESE
14
"Water
is the most
critical thing.
As the population
increases...
I
just
can't...
I don't understand
why
people
aren't
more upset. I just
feel
that
we've
taken it
so
much for
granted.
That's
a
major
issue,
ce1tainJy,
that
Scenic Hudson
has
been working on.
"And
then
the other
thing,
of course,
that
Scenic
Hudson is
working very
hard
on
is land use
and
the
greenway ...
and
to try to preserve
our wate1front
areas."
But the
struggle
doesn't
end
there.
She
speaks
fretfully
of air and
noise
pollution,
and
even
light pollution-the
glare
that
din1s
the
stars at
night.
On
a
hopeful note,
she says:
"I
think
we're get-
ting
a sense of
region,
which we
didn't have before.
We
were
just linle
bits of
piecemeal,
all
up
and
down,
strung
by the Hudson but
ce11ainly
not
joined. I think
we're going
to be pushed into
a
re-
gional concept because
there is no
boundary for
water,
there is no man-made boundary
for air.
Plan-
ners had
a
line up the middle
of the Hudson
River,
which marks the jurisdiction
of
Orange
(County) and
the jurisdiction
of
Putnam
(County) and so forth, as
if
the
Lord and
the
birds and
the bees knew that
the
line
was
there."
For
Franny
Reese, the lines don't
work.
"You
cannot
have
somebody
just
say, well,
I
only want
my
little
comer.
.. I don't
want it
to
be
encroached in
any way, and
this is mine
and the air
is mine
and
the
water is
mine
and so fo1th
is
mine. You can't
do
that.
You have to look at the whole."
Indeed.
1
Frances Stevens Reese at-
tended Barnard College and
the Yale Art School. Her late
husband, Willis L.M. Reese,
whom she
married in 1937,
was the Charles
Evans
Hughes
Professor of
Law
at
Columbia University and di-
rector of the Parker School
of Foreign
and
Comparative
Law.
She has been a member
of the Marist College Board
of Trustees since 1984 and
is currently Chair of the Stu-
dent Life Committee. Mrs.
Reese has five children and
six grandchildren.
--
-✓~~
◄---
~
A bridge that spans time
In its day, the historic Poughkeepsie
Railroad Bridge was an engineering wonder
NOTI-IING \IOVF.~
on the
Poughkeepsie
Railroad
Bridge.
It stands
aloof,
with an air
that
is
only tolerated
in
aging
celebrities. This former
jewel
of
American engineering
now
stands in
the
shadO\\'S while
a
new
era streaks by.
ll
swnd~
in
stark contrast
10
the husy J\lid-
Hudson
Bridge, a
fe\\
hundred
yards south and 10 rhe busy
freight and passenger rail
lines
on both sides of the river. The
centu1y-old railroad bridge.
a
regional landmark,
b
less
than
a
half-mile
from thc Marisl
College Campus.
It
spans the
Hudson
River het\,een the City
of
Poughkeepsie
and the Tow;1
of Lloyd
in
l\'e1\ York State·s
Mid-Hudson Valley.
When
completed in
1888,
the
hridge
was touted as
the
ninth
wonder of rhe world.
In
ib
yourh,
it
was heralded as the
largest
bridge
in
the world and
was considered an architecwral
masterpiece.
Standing
2J 2 feel
above
the Hudson River, the
BY
CHRISTINE
HEN:--l
·92
one-mile-long bridge stretches
past the
river"s eastern hank into
the
City of
Poughkeepsie. It was
the
longest railroad span e1·er
built.
It
\va,
also
the first bridge
to
be built across the
Hudson
River
solllh
of
Albany. The
bridge was listed
on the
Na-
tional Register
of
Historical
Places
in
1978.
The Poughkeepsie/I
lighland
Railroad Bridge, a, it
was
offi-
cially called. connected
Dutchess and Ulster counties.
Although
no
longer functional.
it is still the only
Hudson River
1.iil
cros~ing
het\\een New York
City and
Albany.
The bridge
was
conceived
as a
link
between the New
England states and
the
Pennsyl-
v,111ia
coal field~.
Although
some
considered it an
impossible
dream-that
only canals could
successfully
do the
job of mov-
ing
ma1erials--the cornerstone
for the
bridge was
laid
on De-
cember
17. 1873.
The event led
lo
a day of celehration
that
included
parades
and speeches
by
celebrities of
the
day. The
MARIST ,\IAGAZINE
•
1992

























city
was fllled
with great antici-
pation of
the
benefits the new
bridge would bring.
This community enthusiasm
was, clue
primarily to
the efforts
of Harvey Eastman,
the
city's
mayor and Matthew Vassar, a
prominent
area businessman.
They
were
two of
the
commu-
nity leaders involved
in promm-
ing
and planning
the
bridge's
construction. City officials were
eventually convinced the pres-
ence of this auractive
bridge
would bring
prestige
to the city,
and
the
business community
counted on profiting from the
profusion of
freight
traffic
through the city.
But not
eve1ything went
according to plan. It took
17
yea
rs
of obstacles before
the
bridge was constructed-not
the
least
were tremendous
financial
problems that threat-
ened the project's completion.
For example, The
American
Bridge
Company, the project's
major contractor, went bank-
rupt, delaying
work for almost
nine years. Even after
new
financing was
found, some
construction and financial
problems
persisted.
13ut despite
the
problems,
the first train ran successfully
across
rhe
bridge on December
MARIST MAGAZINE
•
1992
29,
1888.
According to newspa-
per accounL~ of the day. the
bridge was breathtaking. It rook
14,000
gallons of paint to make
Robert
Kennedy,
Jr.
Helping to keep
the Hudson River
alive for future
generations
ROBERT
F.
KENNEDY,JR.
told an audience
at
Marist
College
last
fall
that it
is
everyone's
responsibility to
preserve the planet
for
future
generations.
His lecture, ·'Citi-
zens Action on the Hudson: A
Libernl
Arts Approach,"
focused
on current environmental
issues
concerning
the Hudson River.
Kennedy
emphasized
that it
is
owed
to future
generations
to
prevent any further destruction
of
the
environment. "If
we
destroy these things we will
impoverish
our children and
we
will impoverish their
ability
to
imagine things
and
to live the
rich kind
of
lives
we
hope they
will live," he
said.
it shine a deep
red.
Along with hauling fr<::ight
across
the
river, the bridge was
also u~ed for enrertainrnenI
purposes. In the: ~ummertime.
an open car was a,·ailable for
scenic
rides
over 10 ··Chestnut
Gro,·e.
··
a relaxing picnic area
on the west side of the
Hudson.
Are:1 residents took
ad\'antage of this opportunity
at other times of the year to
take in
the
breathtaking vie\\
of the river. and
to
,,·itncs
..
~
the
colorful foliage of
the
earl)'
autumn weeks.
As the years passed and
the bridge aged, 1,tructural
changes had to be made. The
double railroad tracks were
replaced with a single
track
and the trains \\'ere forced to
maintain a speed of only 5
m.p.h. Despite the changes, the
bridge was still considered a
prosperous
venture.
It
never failed to fulfill its
purpose. For more than
80
years, the magnificent bridge
carried freight and passenger
trains from
one side of the
Hudson River
to
the other.
During those eight derncles,
the structure stood as a monu-
ment to innovative
engineer-
ing.
But nothing lasts forever.
The bridge's troubl<::s began
in
1974
when a fire caused
Robert F. Kennedy, Jr.
Stressing
1he
ecological
importance
of
the Hudson
River, which
borders the Marist
College campus,
Kennedy
said
it
is probably
the
richest
body
of
water in the
world. The
Hudson River produces
more
fish per
acre and
more
life per
gallon
than
any other water
source,
he
added.
"It s1ill has strong spawning
spots for all
its
historical species
significant damage. Train1,
could no longer cro."-~.
mak-
ing this once , ital mil corridor
\'irtually useless. Rebuilding
the
damaged ponion wa1,
discussed. but in the follow-
ing three
years of
delibewtion
bet\\een
Penn
Central
and
Olher panies,
repair
estimates
rose from SJ
50,000
10 S6.9
million. ?\o one kne,, wh<::re
the
money would
come
from.
Conniil obtained the
bridge in
1975.
but after a few
months. they considered
demolishing it. Even with that
decision. f1n,111cial
problems
still persisted.
It
would cost $7
million.
By the end of
that
year,
it was sold again, this
time
to
Railway Management Associ-
ates, who reportedly had big
plans for
the
bridge. Il.l\,IA
wanted
to
use
it
as a route for
local commuters, or turn it
into an imaginati,·e museum
restaurant. Although there has
been some speculation re-
cently about the bridge·s
demolition. another
ide:1
for
creating a scenic walkway
across the ri,·er has emerged.
13ut
10
date. no tangible
efforts have
been
m:1de to
restore this "wonder of the
world" 10 any sembbnce of
its glo1y days.
I
of
fish,''
said
Kennedy. He
compared
the Hudson
River's
rich
ecosystem
with
others
such as the
Rhine
in Europe
and
the
Chesapeake 13ay in
Maiyland, which he described
as
dying.
Kennedy
told the audience
1ha1
leadership
had
to
come
from them
to ensure the sur-
vival of the
Hudson River's
ecosystem.
"If
we are going to
save
these
species," he said,
"It
is
going
to
be because we the
people of the
lludson
Valley
saved
the lludson."
Kenn<::dy
is a clinical pro-
fessor and supervising a11orney
at
the
Environmental
Litigation
Clinic at Pace Universiry Law
School
in
New York City.
In
addition, he is senior staff
at1omey for the
Hudson River
Fishem1en·s Association and
senior actorney for
the
Natural
Resources Defense Council.
The
lecwre
was sponsored
by the
,\larisI
College Political
Science Club, Media Center,
College Activities Office, and
Psi Sigma Alpha.
I


























16
Gertrude Livingston Lewis began
what
is known as the Mills Mansion
Showcasing
one of the nation's largest
historic
districts
The Hudson's Great Estates
T,
IE
H
Ul)SON VALLEY HAS
stirred men's soLJls since the
voyagers of the
I !al/.Hoon
discovered
its
shores. tribLJtaries.
and its
fertile
,·alleys.
Accounts
of
this
new
land.
inhabited bv
Indians
\\'ho
knc\\' and re-
·
spected its ways, detailed its
natural landscape which fol-
lowed
the winding course of
I
lenry
I
Judson's
river.
,\lany
of
the
first European senlers who
arrived in
the
seventeenth cen-
tury
were
dra
\\'11
by
the rugged
character of the valley. Its impos-
ing
mountains
and highlands
e,·oked
imagcs
of
the
homelands
they had left behind.
13efore
long
it
lx,came
known
as the Ameri-
can
Rhine
and great
li1era1y
worb described
the Hudson
River
and its valley.
lmportam
artists such as Frederick ChLJrch
of
O/a11a
in I ILJdson
and
Tho-
mas Cole in Catskill brought its
scenic beauty
10
the canva:,,
creating spectacular
images
of
the majestic valley
that
were
unforgeuablc and alluring.
II
BY
ELISE
M.
BARRY
enticed many
lo
vbil; others
were destined
10
stay.
lts
accessi-
bility to
:-Jew York City through
efficient means of
transportation
first by steamboat, later by rail
made the area ve,y desirable as
coumry residences for wealthy
husine:,smen and indLJ:,trialists.
Litcrally,
hundreds of estate
buildings sprung up along the
shores of the
Hudson
Ri,·er and
each has
it:,
O\\'n :,tory. The mo:,l
impressive ma:,:,ing of estates
and related structures. however.
occurs in
the
Mid-Hudson
region
\\'hich extends for ap-
proximately
25
miles along
the
eastern shore of
the river
from
centr:il Dutchess CoLJnty near
Poughkeepsie to
the
city of
Hudson
in
the center of
adjoining Columbi,1 Coumy.
l'oLJghkeepsie
lxx1s1s
<Jf
l\\'O
landmark
rive1front
es1ates-
loc11s/ Croce.
the home of
Samuel F. B. [I.Jorse. and
Rose11/1111d.
the home of Edward
Bech. Rosenlund is no" the
location
of Marist College.
Recently.
1\larist
undertook a
lengthy research project 10
ensure the protection and pres-
ervation of
the
stone Ro.',enlund
building.-, on the campus. This
Diana, home
of artist
Frederick Church
effon
resulted
in the
listing
of
the
buildings on the :--:ational
Register of
I Iistoric
Places. The
.\larist College community has
joined
the
,-.inks of the many
preservationists who ha,·e
worked hard to protect the
historic Hudson Vallev. The
abundance of celehrnted estates
in the
1\lid-l
ludson
Valley has
made it one of
the
largest his-
toric
districts in
the
United
States. Se\'cral of the propenies
in
chis "Great Estates" region
lwve
received :--:ational
L.111d-
mark stall!:,.
Some
likc
Spri11g1cood,
the
Hyde
Park home of Fr,inklin
Delano Roose,·elt, auract thou-
sands of \'isitors each year.
Originally a circ.i
1825
Federal-
:,tyle farmhouse.
Springuvod
was enlarged in
the llali,1na1c
stylc circa
1850,
and again in
1915
in the Colonial
lkvi,·al
style. The
1915
renovation for
the
presidem's mother. Sara
Delano
Roose,·elt,
brought the
size of the house
to
35
rooms.
Sp1ing1mod.
\\'hich
includes the
Franklin
D.
Roosevelt
Library.
is
il-lARIST MAGAZINE•
1992



























adminiswred bv
the
National
!'ark Ser\'iCe
an~I is open
to
1he
public
1hroughou1
the year.
The R<x>scveli's nonhem
neighbors were
Louise
and
Frederick Vandcrbil1. The
halian
Renaissance Vanderbilt
:Vlansion
coma
ins
50 rooms. all la1·ishly
deco1~t1ed
wi1h lwlian
and
French furnishings
and
details.
The
'ew
York CiIy architenural
firm of McKim. Me;1d and
White
designed
1he
mansion
in
1898, at
a cost of S660,000. This site is
also operated by
the
l\alional
Park
Sen
ice.
Although 1he
Roosevelt
and
Vanderbilt
names
have
intema-
1ional
recognition.
the innuence
and presence of 1he Livingston
fomilv
has had a tremendous
impacl on
the
Great Estate
region. The vast landholdings of
the
Livingston family
began
in
167'111 ith
a gram of
160,000
acres
from Governor Thomas
Dongan to Roben Livingston,
the
first lord of
1he
Manor
of
Livingsto11s.
This land
tract
reached
from
the Hudson River
eastward to the
present
Massa-
chusens border.
A
centuIy later,
the
Lil'ingstons
were
one of the
most
powerful
and prosperous
families in
the
v:1lley. and
today
Livingston descendents continue
to occupy Livingston homes.
Many of the archi1cc1urally
significam estates in this
region
are linked. genealogically and
geogrnphically.
to the
original
Livingston Manor.
After
the
firs! Lord's death
in
1728,
a
13,000-acrt:
parcel was
divided from the Manor for his
son
Rober!.
the builder of
the
estate,
Clermont.
I
lis
son, Ju<lge
Robert
Livingston, married
Margaret
Beckman,
whose
inheritance
of the
Beekman
Patent lands increased their
holdings by about 200,000 acres
and extended the Livingston
lands firmlr into nonhern
Dutchess County.
This included
riverfront propeI1y in
at
least
five
of the present-day tc>l\·ns. Several
of their ten children established
estates along
the river
on family
land. Chancellor
Robert
Livingston
li,ed
at
Clermont;
Janet
Livingston
Montgomery
built
Montgo111e1y
Place,
Alicia
Livingston
Armstrong
establi,<;hed
the
f..a
Bergeri<!/Rokeh1:
Catherine
Livingston
Garreuson
lived
at
W'ildercl!J};
Genrncle
Livingston Lewis began
what is
known
as
the
Mills
Mansion;
and
land
belonging 10
John
Livingston was developed
by
his
daughter, Margaret, who built
Edge1mIe1:
i\tAIHST i\lAGAZINF.
•
1992
MARI ST
NEIGHBORS: Springwood, the
Hyde Park home
of
Franklin
Delano Roosevelt, above,
and
the Vanderbilt Mansion
C1ermolll.
a state
historic
site
administered by the Office of
P;1rks,
Recreation
and
I listoric
Presen,ation, was
built
by
Roben
Livingston
(knoll'n as
Robert
of
Clermont). the
third
son and the
first Lord of the Manor,
in 1730.
The
brick
and stone house oft
wo
stories was in the Georgian srylc.
It
was burned by
British troops in
1777
for
the active
role Rohen
of
Clermont's grandson, Chancellor
Roben
H. Livingston,
had
taken
during
the Re,·olution.
The Chan-
cellor sen•ed in the Second Conti-
nental
Congress and was ap-
pointed
to
1he
Com
mince
of Five.
which drafted
the
Declaration of
lndep<mdence.
Afterthc
fire.
the
house was
rebuilt
on its earlier
foundation.
and later enlarged
in
1874.
An
imerior and exterior
renovation in
the l
920's created
1hc presem
Colonial
Revival
building.
This
house
was
the family se:Jt for
seven generations of the
Clermont branch of the
Li\'ingston family until 1962,
when it wa~ acquired by New
York Siate.
II
is now open
to
the public.
Blitheu'OOd
stands on the
site of a house developed by
Alida
Livingston Armstrong in
l795.
which ll'aS called
,Ifill
House.
The Mill
House.
which
has since been
renamed
11lithewood. was replaced by the
present brick and stucco Geor-
gian Re\'ival mansion
in
1899.
llalianate
gardens also date
from
that
period.
Blitbe1mod
was donated to
Uard
College in
1951
and cur-
rently houses the
Jerome Levy
Economics
Institute.
Funher
res1oration
of 1he formal gardens
and the surrounding
landscape
is
planned. The building is not
open to the public.
Janel
Livingston
i\lontgom-
ery began
the
original
Iwo-stoIy
woodfrnme Federal home she
called
,I1011tgome1y
Place
in
1802. It
is
located
south of
Blithe1mod,
separated from it by
the
Sawkill Creek.
,vlrs.
Mont-
gomery operated a commercial
orchard
which
is still the
primary
use of the 434-acre estate today.
Alexander.Jackson
Davis pro-·
vided designs for additions
in
the
1840's
and again in the 1860's,
for Mrs. Montgomery's brother.
Edward
Livingston,
which trans-
formed
the
building
into
a fine
example of Classical
Revival
architectun.:. Davis also designed
several
impressive
outbuildings
that complemented
the Roman-
tic landscape which was devel-
oped and expanded during this
pe1iod to
accentuate the views
of the
I
ludson River
and Catskill
Mountains.
Livingston
descen-
clents resided
at
,IJ011tgo111e1y
Place
and operated the orchard
until
1986
when it was acquired
by Historic
I
Judson Valley. a
non-profit
organization
pre~erving
s~•veral
lfudson
Valley sites. The
organization has opened the
estate
to Ihe
public.
After the Armstrong:;
left
,Hi//
!louse
in 181.3, the)'
built a StLIC-
coed fieldstone hou~e. which
was
called
laBe1'Reric"-the
Sheepfold.
Their dnughter. i\fargaret.
wife
of
John
Jacob
As1or's
son,
\Xlilliam B.
Astor.
:1cquired
the
house
in 1836
:ind
renamed
it
l?okehJ•.
The
Astors
commissioned ~everal
addition~. enlarging
the house
from
20 rooms to 48. The most
notable
addition was the octago-
rn1I Gothic
Revival library.
The
ownership of
Rokehy
has
remained
in
family hands since
its
construcIion
in
181.3.
The
Livingston/
Astor
descend
en ts
who maintain
Rokeh)'as
their
private
residence
h.tve permitted
limited
public visitation for spe-
cial el'enL,.
There
are
so
many
more
outstanding
Hudson River
estate:.
that the
list
seems endles.s. The
architectural
richness
of the
region represents most
of
the
hbtorically significant architec-
tural styles which dominated the
18th, 19th
and early 20th cemu-
ries
in
this countiy. A large
mun-
ber of the estates
have
buildings
,md grounds which ;1re surviving
examples of
1he
work of some of
the
most
prominem
architects and
landscape architects of the time.
The
preservation
of
the
Mid-
Hudson's estates has
imponam
educational significance and
provides historical enrichment for
visitors
lo the area.
The contiguity
of many of
these
sites
has
abated
riverfront
development.
although
such pressures are always
in-
creasing. Some of the
privately
held propenies are experiencing
the
effects of long-tenn deteriora-
tion
1vhile
they
struggle to keep
the
lands and buildings
1ogether.
To thac end, it must
be
noted
that
an important pan of the
Livingston legacy is
the
resolve
with
ll'hich
each successive
generation has perpetuated a
strong sense of place. It should
be clear, also. that
this
pictur-
esque valley·~ roadways and
riverbanks hold countless
trea-
sures which nwke
up the
1
ludson·s GreaI Estates.
I
/:'lise
.If.
Bmry is c11I
architec1t1ral/
b1:,1oric
prese1w11ion
cons11/tc111I
1t'ho has s111n'_)'ed.
mapped
and
researched
1•a1io11s
bistoric sites
i11
Nell' Vork Stale. 7be Nationetl
Rc,gisterf'or
Historic
Places bas
recognized Benyfor her
tt'<J1k
011
tbe
H11dso11
I ligb/a11ds .1111/tiple
Resource
Area.
17


















18
Special volunteers for special children at
the
Marist Brothers' Camp
Summer Fun on the Hudson
MARY
Boss
had waited
359
days for this moment.
She seemed
to
be bursting
with
anticipation about the week
ahead of her as she
looked
out
the
window of the old school
bus.
Mary,
a
12-year-old
with
Down Syndrome, smiled as the
bus
turned
onto the propcity,
and continued on down a wind-
ing
path.
It
was exactly as she remem-
bered
it
every year: endless
fields
filled with luscious green
trees.
The
bus
came
to
a stop as
Mary quickly grabbed
her
bag.
She was flnally
here.
Mid-
Hudson Valley
Camp
is
located
in
the
picturesque to\\'n of
Esopus, N.Y. The camp's
120
acres lie on the banks of
the
Hudson
River on
properry
main-
tained by
the
Marist
Brothers
who live
there
all year.
During
fall and winter weekends,
the
camp grounds are occupied with
retreats
and weekend seminars.
Several Marist College students
take advantage of such week-
ends.
With
each change of
the
season comes a new use
for
the
properry.
It
is
the
ten
weeks of
Bv
CttRISTINF.
M.
HENN
'92
The
atmosphere at the camp
run
by
the
Marist Brothers
makes
for
lasting
friendships.
Despite
the other activities, the pool
seems to hold the greatest attraction for these campers.
the
summer, however,
that
are
the
busiest. Eve,y week,
the
Marist Brothers open the camp
to a different group of children.
These campers include deaf.
mentally and physically disabled
children, as well as children
with cancer.
While there
arc many
activi-
ties
at
the
camp, the pool seems
to
hold
the greatest attraction. At
any given moment during the
day, children fill the
large
out-
door pool and
its
immediate
area.
Children are also engrossed
in other activities including
paddling boats on the pond,
bicycle riding,
roller
skating,
and making ans and crafts.
Camp nights include big
screen movies, campfires
and dances.
All of
this is
due,
in
large
pan, to the
1\larist
Brothers'
ability
to
anract student volun-
teers.
These
high
school and
college students make up
most of the staff at these
camps. These young adults
come from throughout the
New York Metropolitan area
and :\few Jersey. Some travel
from as far as Florida and
Texas.
All
give
up
several weeks
of their summer vacation to
volunteer at
these
camps.
Ralph
Musolino
has
been
involved with
the
c-amp for the
past 12
years----eight as a camper
from Transfiguration
School
in
Manhattan, N.Y., and four as a
volunteer counselor.
He recallecl
his
summers as a child in
Esopus.
--we
went
up
for a week
every year in
grammar
school. lt
gave
us the
opportunity
to
experience
life
away
from the
hustle
and bustle
of
the
city,"
said
Musolino. A
graduate of
Archbishop
Molloy
High
School
in
Queens,
N.Y.,
he
was chosen
to
become a counselor after
his
sophomore year
by
some of
the
Marist
Brothers there.
I-le has
been coming back ever since.
''I
work at a job at
home for
most of
the
summer,"
he
said,
'·but
I
use my
vacation Lime
to
volunteer at camp.
People
ask
me
why
I
continue
10
do it
year
after year.
I
guess
just knowing
that
I'm
making these
campers
happy
makes
it
all
worthwhile."
Musolino described the
altitude
of most of
the
staff and counsel-
ors as special
people using their
energy to benefit
those
special
children.
"It
is
precisely these
people
that have
kept
Mid-Hudson
Valley Camp
running
for the
past
17
years,"
he
said.
The real
value of the
Mid-
Hudson
Valley Camp is
reflected
in
Kevin's freckle-covered
face
and bleached blond
hair. A
physically
and
mentally disabled
teenager,
Kevin is
a source of
constant energy.
Although
he
cannot speak,
he makes
sure
he
is
understood
through other
means.
I-le
is one of
those
camp-
ers who is always getting
into
mischief, as he
is interested in
eve1ything around
him.
"Where's
Kevin?"
was
the most frequently
asked
question
at the camp.
While
he might
have kept the
counselors on constant alert, his
contagious smile
won
over
the
most
resistant hearts. Mid-
Hudson
Valley Camp
has
given
him happiness.
The Marist
Brothers have
instilled this
love into
all
who
volunteer and visit
this
special
camp.
I
MARISTMAGAZINE
•
1992
















Marist and Ukraine university exchange students and facufty
The Marist/Kiev
Connection
FOR
MARIST COLLEGE
studcnL~ Manhew Kruger and
Stuart Gallagher, spring semester
1992
has meant crawling out of
bed and bracing themselves for
the
brisk walks across campus to
their classes.
IL
also meant at-
tending
lectures and pouring
over stacks of books in
the
school's
library. As upperclass-
men
in
a Northeastern college,
they
should be used
to
cold
winter mornings,
taking
copious
notes
during
lectures
and
long
hours
of
research.
Except that it's
all
in Russian
and thousands of
miles away from their Pough-
keepsie,
New York campus.
Kruger
and Gallagher
lef1
las,
December for a semester at 1he
University of Kiev. The
university
is in 1he
city of
Kiev in
the
Ukraine
Republic,
formerly part
of 1he Soviet Union.
They
are
1he
first
Marist
College students
to
auend classes there under a five-
year agreemem reached be-
tween Marist and
the
University
of Kiev. The program allows for
regular
exchanges of faculty and
students and is
intended 10
encourage international
under-
standing.
Faculty
members
and stu-
dents attend each other's
ins1i1u-
1ion
on a direcl person-for-
person basis. The exchange was
scheduled for last fall as
the
first
in a new program, but was
postponed because of the failed
August coup. Under the terms of
the
exchange
program,
Marisl
provides
housing,
food, salary or
tuition and a small living allow-
ance for each exchange person
from Kiev,
and Kiev
reciprocates
for Marisl
people.
Participants
pay their own
travel
costs, but
there will be no financial
transac-
tions
between
institutions
or
between
individuals
and institu-
tions.
The program was initiated
by Associate
Professor
Casimir
Norkeliunas. A
native
of
Lithuania,
Norkeliunas teaches
Russian
and German at Marist
College and has led several trips
to
the former Soviet Union. The
idea for d1is exchange program
came about during an earlier
visit by Norkeliunas, over cook-
ies and cognac wid1 the journal-
Bv VrcroRIA BALCOMB
MARIST MAGAZINE• 1992
ism faculty at Kiev, He recog-
nized
the value of fostering a
direct
reciprocal relationship
since no other American univer-
sity or college had attempted an
exchange program of this
nature.
According to Dr. Linda
Cool, assistant vice president
and dean of academic affairs.,
who is coordinating the ex-
change
program,
'The
number
of students and faculty will vary
each year during
the
agreement,
but a
limit
on the potential
number
of exchanges will
J\larist College students, faculty
and alumni. The trip, led by
Norkeliunas, also included visits
to Moscow and Leningrad (now
St. Petersburg). On a second
trip
in December
1990,
students
from Kiev's journalism depan-
ment invited the Marist group to
meet with them. "We talked for
four hours," Kruger said. "It was
difficult for them
10
understand
us.
They knew
textbook
English
but we spoke slang."
Perhaps
not surprising,
Kruger and Gallagher are room-
mares at Marist where both
Norkdiun:1s. the university
auracts students from eastern
European and third world
countries.
Under the program, John
J-lansock, Marist assistant profes-
sor of journalism. teaches at
Kiev. His lectures were
in
En-
glish because the average stu-
dent understands the
language.
Meanwhile, at Marist, students
listen to Harstock's counterpart,
Dr. Michailo Skulenko, professor
of journalism at Kiev. He
lec-
tures on ''Media in the USSR."
Skulenko was with the Soviet
MARIST COLLEGE: Casimir Norkeliunas
UNIVERSITY
OF KIEV:
Dr. Michallo
Skulenko
probably
come from Marisr."
While
Marist College students
do
not
have
to
be Russian
majors
to
participate in the
program, they
must have a
working knowledge of the
language.
Three Kiev students have
come
to
Marist so
far,
while r,vo
Marist students went
to
Kiev.
One of the students from Kiev is
a
journalism major,
another was
a science project winner at the
university and the
third
is a
musician
and
plays
football.
They are all studying computer
science or computer program-
ming. Sometime
in
the future,
Cool said,
Kiev
will owe Marist
College a student.
This is Kruger's third time in
the Ukraine. He visited Kiev in
March
1990
with a group of 65.
have taken several
Russian
language classes. These classes
were conducted entirely
in
Russian, as are the classes in
Kiev. Kruger, of Coram, New
York, with a political science
and
Russian
double major, said
he was looking forward to
learning about
twentieth
cen-
tury
history from the So\·iet
perspective. Gallagher, from
Middle Grove, New York, also
has a double major in business
administration and
Russian.
Norkeliunas described
rhe
University of Kiev as an ideal
institution for an exchange
program. The city of Kiev, he
pointed out, offered a stable
environment. The University of
Kiev dates back to 1832 and
boasLs a srudent population of
about
20,000.
According to
national radio and television
stations for 10 years. He was
also chief editor with the Ukrai-
nian state
television
news
agency.
As for Kruger, he sees
the
exchange as timely in terms of
the current economic changes
in the Ukraine. Most Kiev stu-
dents see America as a country
of unlimited wealth, he ob-
served. Those students who
visit this country will be able
to
take back a more
realistic
vie\\'
of
life
in America, he said.
"They'll gain a more bal-
anced insight
into
a capitalist
society when they see the
homeless, the poverty in our
urban centers and
the
number
of poor farmers.'' Kruger said.
"And
maybe they'll think of
solutions."
I
19

























20
EIGIIT KILO.\IETERS l'\TO TIIE
taiga
from Siheria·s Yenbei River,
the
barbed
\\·ire
rusts in the
undergrowth
:rnd the wo<xlen
watchtowers decay among the
pines.
The roofs have sprouted
clumps of dark green moss, :md
stucco sloughs away from waule
as weather reclaims the old
barracks of the labor camp.
For Cornelia
Bulatova.
53,
seeing Camp 503 acts a:. a
kind
of confirmation
...
I
think
it
was
here,
in
a
place
like
this.
that
my
father died,'' she says as she
surveys
the
camp in
the
peren-
nial
blue-gray
twilight of early
winter.
With
her
family.
Bulatova
was
deported
from
Riga,
Latvia,
to
Siberia in
L9<-1
I.
She
was
three
al
the
time and with her
mother
was exiled
10
the Arctic north.
It
was
in
a camp 1,uch as 50.:S
that
she speculates
her
father disap-
peared.
Some 30 years after
the
brgest mass
terror
campaign in
history
was
dism:1111led
by
the
government of Soviet
Premier
Nikita
Kruschev, the
evidence-
such as Camp 503--is now
emerging
from
the
vastness
of
the Siberian wilderness
to
the
scrutiny of
the
outside
world ... It
was something we
were
not
permit1ed to talk about before, ..
says Vladimir Surotinin
who
heads the
Krasnoyar1,k
branch
of
Memorial.
This group, with
chapters
tl1roughout
the 1,un-
dered
Soviet Union, is at1empt-
ing to document the history of
the Gulag.
By most
accounts
the
Krasnoyar:..k
region
was salll-
rated with
labor
camps.
It
is a
,·ast
area
in
central Siberia.
reaching
almost from the Mon-
golian border
10
the Arctic Sea
and drained by
the
Yenisei River.
the
second
large:,t river in the
world. Off-limits
to
We1>lerners
until last year. the region's
inaccessibility
made
it
ideal for
BY]
0111'
HAHTSOCK
lll~llf)llll~S f)I~
'1111I~
labor camps in both Communist
and Tsarist times.
According 10 Surotinin.
based on
;\lemorial's
expedi-
tions to document the evidence.
there were hundreds of camps
of
,·arying
sizes in the
Yenisei
Ri,w
valley alone
...
The
prob-
lem is \\'e
don't
know
how
many people were deponed
to
Siberia. We can't gi\'e a full
report on the size of the Gulag
because
the
archives of
the KGB
;ire still dosed."
But anecdotal e,·idence
is
revealing. The no11hern mining
city of :--:orrilsk has been called
"the city built on bones" be-
cause
it
was one
,·ast
labor
camp.
It
earned the name five
years ago when the bones of
fatonian.
Lithuanian
and Latvian
military officers ,1rres1ed
in 19,10
AIIEllICAN
SON
l
7
ISI'I1S
SIHEllIAN
IAHOll
CAlll,S
The
author with
Siberian
hosts
and sent 10 1\'orrilsk as sla\'e
lahorers began to surface
in
the
tundra. The
bones were pushed
up by the permafrost.
Then
there
,\·ere the
":'\'orilag .. camps
built on the infamous Taymyr
Peninsula on
the Arctic
Sea.
They were considered death
camps because
it
was almost
impossible
to leave them alive.
.. :-Iaybe there were one million
in the
:'\orilag, .. says Surotinin.
.. But ,,·e ha,·e
little
ma!Crial
because
there ,ire few li\'ing
\\itnesses."'
\X'hat is
kno,, n
is
that one-
seventh of the territory of the
So\'iet L'nion was pa11 of the
Gulag.
It
had
its
own currency
and produced one-third of the
count1
1
·s
gross n,tt ional product
in Stalin's time. The production
was
included
in Moscow·s eco-
nomic planning. "It is diffin1lt 10
tell. but did \\'e have a state or
did \\'e have a Gulagr observes
Surotinin.
Inmates
from all the former
Sm·iet republics. ;1nd sometimes
from other countries, engaged
in a variety of labor. such as
mining. logging. trapping. fish-
ing and construction of a "rail-
road to
nowhere
... The railroad.
of which Camp 503 \\'as
:1
part.
was
one example of ;\losccm··s
misconcei, eel development
plans for Siberia. Roughly paral-
leling the
course of the Arctic
Circle,
it
was 10 join the Oh
River
at
Aksarka and the Yenisei
River
north of Kureka at the
lalx>r camp of
Yermakovo.
The
railroad was em·isioned as a
major
1rnnspona1ion link
that
would help 10 open up the
Siberian interior
to
develop-
ment. Some 600 kilometers were
operational and another 600
ready
for tracklaying when the
project was ahruhtly canceled in
1953 after Stalin's death.
There were about 100 hard
lalxJr
camps like C:1mp 503,
Surotinin estimates, built to sen·e
railroad construction. Each camp
had from 1.000 10
l.
500 prison-
ers. ·These camps were created
not only for punishment of
crimin;1ls:·
he
says ... They were
also created for forced labor. The
number of prisoners in a camp
depended on the
,,·ork
that had
to
be done ...
It is in communities like
lgark:t. just abm·e
the
Arctic
Circle.
that
the
remnants
of those
who serl'ed in
the
labor camps
lil'e out their li,·es ewn though
they ,, ere rehabilitated and
perrniued long ago
to
return to
their
nati,·e
republic~ .•
\lost
were
teenagers or children when
they
were
arrested ,, ith their families.
..
\'\'hat
hun the most was
that my honor wa~ repressed.''
say~ Leopold 13arono,·skis. 65.
one of 33
Latvian
depo11ees
.\IARIST .\IAGA7.l:---F.
•
1992






























remaining
in
lgarka.
I-le
was
H
when he and
his
family
were
exiled.
I
le
was sentenced to
hard labor. '"ll
hun
my dignity as
a
human
being to
kno\\' that
I
was not
free.''
In
lgarka's heyday as a labor
camr
in
the 1940s there
were
some 2,000 Latvian exiles among
the cocktail of other nationalities
derortcd
there:
Lithuanians.
Ukrainians,
Russians.
Greeks,
Volga Germans, and e,·enJapa-
nese rrisoners
of
war.
BLit today
there
is little to indicate
that
the
to\\"n
was
a
labor
camp. Former
barracks were, in the
l
960s :ind
1970s, converted
into
apart-
ments. Only the regimentation of
the
rows
of wooden and stucco
buiklings--in contrast to the
picturesque
log
hoLise., of most
Siberian villages-hint
at the
town's r;1st.
Often Soviet rrosecutors
used
the
slightest rretext for
arTest, says YussLif Oskarov,
7q,
currently the director of a
children's theater
in Krnsnoyarsk.
Originally from
the Kola
Penin-
sula
near
Finl,rnd. Oskarov
was
arrested
in
1947
and ended ur in
a hard labor camp near the
Yenisei. His inmate nLimber
is
indelibly imrressed
Lipon his
memory: 998. ·•11
was sewn on
my cap, my back and my
leg."
he says. "How coLJld
I
ever
forget'"
When
he was arrested he
was confronted with an election
ballot
for local elections on
which was scrawled the
Russian
word for mother. As with its
American
coLJnterpart, it can
have an obscene meaning. Also
scribbled on the ballot were the
words "not know," meaning the
voter did not
want 10
vote.
Except that
as
in
English
the
two
words
were not separated by a
required
space.
The
proseclllor
in
the case
presented
Oskarov
with a past examrle of his writ-
ing in
which '"not
know·· lacked
the intervening space. Even
though
the handwriting
was not
his, Oskarov
was
serncnced to
10
years.
Such srories of exile are all
too common.
When
.\1argarita
K
ymuzova, 60. of the
,·illage
of
Zherzhul on a
tributary
of
the
Yenisei
began
to
talk,
it
came in
a
rush
of
memories
as
if
she had
harbored
the story of her depor-
tation at
the
age of
JO
for 50
years. "In
the
famine
we
LJ~ed
to
eat grass,'' she says of the year
194/4.
"It mule!
be
boiled
and
ground, and if we did
have
a
little
flour
we would add
that
to
make
some cakes.
It
seemed
to
MARJST
MAGAZINE•
1992
"W'hat
hurt the
most
was that my honor
was repressed"
-LEOPOLD
BARO:'sO\'SKJS
us
to
he deliciou~
...
For those like Kymuzo,·a
and Oskaro,· who stayed
in
Siberia after they were rehabili-
tated, there is now little pros-
pect of returning to
their
native
republics. "How can I go back
when
I cannot even go
10
the
shor
to
buy anything," because
of the chronic shortages. scoffs
Matilda TaLirenis. 70. of
lgarka.
AlthoLrgh
their
So,·iet
interior
passrorLs still
list
them by
their
nationalities at bir1h-L,1vian,
Ukrainian, Estonian,
13ielorussian-most of the
deronees who stayed have
assimilated.
·-,\1any like me have
had
to
stay because "'e had families."
said Gunars Knxlers, 70, of
t'\Orribk. ":-ly root~ are my
children and three grandchil-
dn.:n who gro" here. They are
rcx>b
in the culture of :--:orrilsk."
Laimonis Kulmi1is. 6-1,
ufthe
,·illagc: of Baklanika. attemrted
to
return
home in
1960.
De-
ported
in
19➔
l
aI the age of l I
lik<:'.
Baronm skis. he is tht: l;p;(
remaining Lat, ian in his
,·illage.
a
duster oflog homes ator a hlufT
of the Yenisei Ri\'er where :r
joke1,1er
has ereued
:r
sign sa )'·
ing. "Rio de Baklanika.'' Even
though he wa~
rehabilitated.
Kulmi1is could find neither work
nor a place to li\'e in l111,
ia.
·"The\· looked
:ll
me as if
I
\\·as a
rolitfcal criminal." he says.
I
le
returned
to
the land of
exile.
,\leanwhile.
the toLJr ships
have begun to arrive, bringing an
assortment of pilgrims in search
of the camps. Like medieval
penitents, they hold prayer vigils
and
leave
food offerings.
Some of the
,
isitors are
forn1er exile~ like Corndi,1
Bulato\'a \vho successfully
resettled in their n,tti,·e
republics
in the
1960s.
··There
is not a ~ingle stone
here
thar
would not remember
my husband,·· says Bella
Kle,·schenko of SI. Petersburg.
who wanted ro :..ee the
land
to
\\'hich her late hLisband. poet
Anatoly Klevschcnko, was
exiled. ··1
le
preser\'ed his lan-
guage and his hLJman dignity.
and
this land "·ould
not forget
tha1.··
Arnolds Scribe, 65. a choir
conductor from Riga, L:n,·ia.
came becaLJse
he was not sent
to the Gulag. In a w.i,·e of mass
arresL, in 19--1~
his family
a\\'aited the secret rolice. ··\X'e
sat on the stairs
"ith
our bags
packed. This." he says in
refer-
"How
can
I
go back when I cannot even go to
the shop to
buy
anything, because of the
chronic shortages."
-.t\ilKmDA
T
ACREx1s
ence to Camp 503. "is
\\·hat
could ha,·e been."
E\'en an occasional
jailer
returns.
Vladimir Pentyukm·.
now in his late 50s. once \\'Orked
for the MVD which guarded the
prisoners. He \\'as al the
Ycrmako\'(> bhor camp from
19 I9 to
1951.
'"I ha,·e
no
remorse
because I did nothing \\'rong:·
he says. I
I<:
worked as director
of a soklier_.s
ensemble and later
directed a prisoner's theater
group, called the ·Thearcr of
Slaves." .\'o\\ a journalist for a
newsparer in Krasnoyarsk.
"·orking in the carnrs opened
his eyes
to
the St.tlin
terror.
"J\losl
people
didn't
learn about
it until after Stalin died. I kne,\
much earlier,1hout the~e things ...
For Capt. Aleksei
Rodin.
15.
ofthccruiseship'·La1vija."·
the
no,·ehy of crnbes 10 the labor
camrs b beginning
to
wear off.
"This is our third trip this ye:1r
...
he says
...
I suspect
"L'
\\'ill
,,cc
more in
the
future because in so
many families there was some-
body who died or disapre,1red
here. A lot of people don
·1
kno\\'
where they are buried. They
know only 1hat
they
disapreared
in a camp near the Yenisei
River."
Although many Soviets,
ranicularly former Comrnuni;,t
Party members, would rather
forget about
the
legac)
of
the
camp.,. confronting it is pan of
an important exorcism. contends
,\i<;mori:1l's Surotinin ...
w·e
are a
nation without roots.
What
\\'e
are uying 10 do i., recover our
past. Only
then
will we h:l\·e a
future."
For
\X'anda
Lasm1se,·a, ..,0,
of
Krasnoyarsk. th;n has meant ;1
pilgrimage in search of personal
history. At
the
age of
17
she \\'as
sentenced to hard labor and sent
to a
labor
camp near the village
ofTurukhansk. L:rter she \\'as
exiled
to
Dudinka, nonh of
the
Arctic Circle. "\'fe
return
be-
cause we spent our yoLing rears
here
...
she s,1ys, ;1dding
"·ith
LJnintended
irony,
..
, think it is
natural to \\'ant to, isit these
place~ of our yol!lh."
I
Jolm l
la,tsock. an assistant
pnfessor of/011ma/is111
at .I/wist
College. is c11rr,•11t~)'
a g11est
led11rer at the l
'11it'l'l'Si~)'
uf Kie1•
as
/X-111
of a11
excbtlllf{<' pmf{IWII
be111•ee11
tbe tuv i11stit11lio11s.
A
second f1,e11eratio11
Latriw1.
he
is
c111
accreditedforeig11 correspo11-
de11t ll'ho repor!ed e.\'/e11si1-eb•
011 !he failed S01•iet co11p. Setera/
of
his
reports
lt'ere carried by !he
San Francisco Examiner.
21



























22
Class
Assignment
from
Geraldine
Ferraro:
Get Involved
in
the
Political Process
GERALDINE
A.
FERRARO
brought a taste of the
1992
political campaign fc,vor
to
Maris! College as she stressed
the
importance of getting
in-
volved in
the political process.
Ferraro, who in
1984
was
the
first
woman
vice
presidential
candidate,
discussed
her
1992
campaign for
the
U.S. Senate and
current political issues.
Address-
ing an audience of
more than
300
people in the
Campus Center
Theater
last
fall, Ferraro told the
students
there that 1hey had
a
responsibility
10
try Lo
shape the
world through political
activism.
She
told them they
should
empower themselves
by
becom-
ing involved in the
political
process.
"When
you make your
voice
heard, when
you
register
to
vote, when you go
to the polls,
Arthur K. Spears
TllE
~71TDY
Of
DIALEC["S
allows society to focus more
acutely on its history, said
linguist
Dr.
Anhur
K.
Spears.
Speaking at Marist College
this spring, Spears, associate
professor of anthropology
and
linguistics
at the City
University of New York,
focused on langwige dialects.
PEAKERS
BUREAU
Geraldine
Ferraro
you
make
sure other people
won·1 make the decisions that
n111
your
life,"
said
Ferraro.
Ferraro said she decided
to
run
for
the
U.S. Senate
last May
in order
to
continue
her
struggle against
the
critical
problems
facing
the middle
class
today.
'"There
is
something
wrong
when families
who
have
worked
hard to
save
cannot
afford
to
send
their
children to
college,"
she said.
The former Congresswoman
from
Ne,v
York's
Ninth Con-
gressional
District
in
Queens
presented two ways to
cut taxes
for
the
middle
class--increasing
standard
deductions
and
reduc-
ing
social security
payroll
contributions.
In
a
free flowing
ques1ion and answer
session following her
presentation, Ferraro
responded
10 several
questions
that
included
government
budget
cuts,
her
role as a female
poli1ician,
and
AIDS
testing.
She
pointed
to a
double
standard which
exists
in
testing health
care
workers
and
their
patients
for
AIDS.
She
argued that if
health care
workers
are required to
be
tested,
1hen
their patients
should also
be
tested.
Ferraro,
who
had
worked
for the passage
of
the
Equal
Rights Amendment,
also spon-
sored the
Woman's Equity
Act,
which provided
job options for
homemakers.
The
Act
ended
pension
discrimination against
women, and allows homemak-
ers to open
Individual Retire-
ment
Accounts.
Originally from Newburgh,
New
York, Ferraro
graduated
from Marymount
Manhattan
College and Fordham
University
School of Law.
I
-Evely11
Hen,andez
'92
Linguist
says
dialects
reveal history's intricacies
He paid particular attention
10
the social and regional dialects
of black and white English,
creole. Spanish, and Portu-
guese.
According to Spears, all of
society benefits from under-
standing
social and regional
dialects. "It gives people
insight
into
the
social structure
as well as group relations," he
said. 111is insight, he said,
allows people to be more
tolerant
of
ethnic and cultural
differences.
In
addition, he mentioned
that there are many miscon-
ceptions
about language.
"Some
people think certain
types of
language
are belier
than others. All speech
,·aria-
tions
are equal,"
Spears
said.
·The belief that ~ome dialects
have more
or
less prestige
is due
10
political and social
factors."
The March 2
lecture
was sponsored by the Higher
Education Opportunity
Program (HEOP), C-Step,
the Office of the Academic
Vice President and the
departments
of English and
Education.
The author of numerous
articles and publications,
Spears has also appeared on
several
radio and television
programs discussing black
English. I le is the editor and
founder of Transforming
AnlbroJXJlogy.
a publication
of the Association of Black
Anthropologists, and contrib-
uting editor of Anthropology
News. Spears
is
also a Span-
ish, French and Portuguese
in1erpre1er for the U.S.
Depa,tment of State.
I
-Evelyn
Herna11dez
'92
Columnist
exannnes
the
'right
to die'
issue
Andrew H. Malcolm
DOF$
LIFE SUPPORT
apparatus prolong life or
prolong
the
process of dying'
Andrew
H.
Malcolm
addressed this
high-profile
issue
during a presentation
al
Marist College last fall. The
lecture,
"When to Say
When:
The
Personal
Side of the Right
to Die," was
inspired
by
Malcolm's best-selling book.
Someday,
in which he dis-
cussed the personal and
ethical issues he faced during
his mother's final illnes.~.
Malcolm described how
difficult it was to see his
mother on a
life-support
system. "I kept saying to
myself,
'Was
this
the woman
who had shaped my life for so
long?'"
Malcolm added he was
upset with his mother for
being tha1 way. Altho;;gh. he
staled,
···1s
this me in
30
years'" I
was
secretly terrified."
Death
is
a
subject
most North
Americans avoid. he said. He
advised the standing-room-
only audience to '"accept
death and have a good lime
the
res!
of
the time."
Malcolm, who was a
national correspondent for
the Neu• York Times, now
writes 1he
"Our
Towns'"
column. The lecture was
sponsored by the Dutchess
County Medical Ethics Com-
mittee. the
Cunnecn-l
lacken
Lecture series and Maris!.
I
MAIUSTMAGAZINE
•
1992






















Oleksander Bouts'ko
Ukraine
strives for
autonomy
Despite the
collapse of
the
former Soviet Union.
the future
of
some
republics is
still
firmly Lied
to
each other,
a
Ukrainian ofncial
told
a Marisl College audience.
Press
attache and counselor
for
the Permane111
Mission
of
Ukraine
to
the United Nations
Olcksander
13outs'ko delivered
a
lecture al
Marisl elllitled "Ukraine:
On the Road to Independence"
last
November. Bouts'ko spoke
about
the many devdopmellls in
Yeltsin
advisor
visits
PRJOR
TO TilE
AlTGLST
Coup, Soviet economist
Stanisiav Shat.alin spoke LO
the Marist College commu-
nity about the prospects for
the struggling Soviet
economy.
Shatalin, a close advisor
to elected Russian President
11oris Yeltsin, is regarded as
the architect of the reform
move_melll in the former
Soviet lJnion. He was eco-
nomic advisor to former
Presi<le111
Mikhail Gorbachev
before joining an opposition
group that
included
former
Soviet Foreign Minister
Eduard Shevardnadze and
Moscow Mayor Gavrill
Popov.
While serving in Presi-
de111
Gorbachev's administra·
Lion,
he helped create an
MARIST MAGAZINE• 1992
PEAKERS
BUREAU
Ukraine including
its
economy.
emerging
au10nomy,
and
ib
relationship
with
Russia. Dr.
Casimir Norkcliunas. Director of
the Russian
Studies
Program
al
,\farist College,
joined Bouts'ko
in the discussion.
Bouts'ko described
Ukraine
as the
breadbasket
of the former
Soviet Union.
"Ukraine
needs
economic relations
\\'ith Russi:1.
They are
economically dependent
on one another. Ukraine needs
gas and oil and in
return Russia
needs
the f0<xl
we
have to offer,"
he
said.
Bouts'ko
has
\\'riuen
se\·eral
articles on international
relations
and
is
an expert on disarmament.
I le
directed the L'krainian
Tele-
graph
Agency
and was
in
th<.!
information
department of the
Ukrainian Foreign
Minister before
assuming his currern
duties
as
advisor
10
the
Ukrainian Ambas-
sador for
the
L'nited :sJations.
He
is
also
the
chief information
officer for
political,
business.
scientific and protocol mauers
at
his
country's
Permanent
United
Nations Mission.
Bouts·ko's
appearance at
Marisl was
sponsored
by
mem-
bers of
Pi
Sigma
Alpha,
the Na-
tional Political Honor
Society. and
Political
Science faculty mem-
bers.
I
Stanislav Shatalin
ambitious proposal to intro-
duce a market economy in the
Soviet Union in 500
clays.
The proposal became a point
of contention between liberal
and conservative elements in
the former Soviet leadership.
With
support
from the
Centrn.l Hudson Gas
&
Electric
Corporation, the Dutchess
Counry Economic Develop-
ment Corporation and Marist's
Graduate Center
for
Public
Policy and Administration. the
lecture was his only appear-
ance open
to
the public.
I
Lecturer
cites need
for more
black male
teachers
THERE
IS
A WED
for
more
male Afric.111-American
teach-
ers. Dr. Ja\\'anza Kunjufu.
nationally knm\ n lecturer.
author and
educator. told a
group of .\larist students,
Jawanza Kunjufu
Noted
scholar
lectures
NOTED EDL'CATOK
and
,1uthor
Leonard Fein lectured
to
a standing-room-only audi-
ence in the Campus Center
Theatre last
October. Fein's
lecture.
entitled "Jews and the
Justice
Tradition." \vas pan of
the annual \Xlilliam
and
Sadie
Effron
lecture
series on Jewish
Studies
begun
at r-Iarist in
1976.
Formerly professor of
political
science al
MIT.
Fein
joined
the
Brandeis Lniversity
faculty in
19
7
0
where he
became
the
Klutznick
Profes-
sor of Contemporary Je\\'ish
Studies.
He is
no\\' senior
visiting scholar at
the
Religious
Action Center of the Union of
American I lebrew
Congrega-
tions
in Washingwn.
In
19-4_
he founded
.llo-
111e11t.
a magazine which be-
came
America's
leading
inde-
pendent perkxlical of Jewish
affairs. and was
ils
editor and
publisher
until
198~.
facuh)
and
administrators
recent
I\.
I le
said
Afric111-
American hoys nel'd posili\ e
role
modd,.
e,peciall) in the
classroom.
Kunjufu .. 1ppearing
at
a
roundt1ble dbcussion at the
Lowell Thomas Communica-
tion., Center. cited a dispro-
ponion,lle number of high
~chcx>I
dropoub among male
Afric1n-American sllldents.
I le
sugge.,tcd
a
larger
repre,enta-
tion of' dedicated teachers
of
color
could make a difference.
According to Kunjufu.
many
l<.!ach<.!rs
do
not
under-
stand African-American
cul-
tural rituab like
"playing
the
dozens." a
fonn of
I
erhal
contest
het\\een Afric;in-
J\m<.!rican
boys. They do not
appreciate the
skills
such as
public spe;iking. expanding
\ocabulary. :1bilil)'
Lo
rhyme
and
the
use
of memory that
.ire employed. "Rumo;. ha, it
th:11
our kids
lack
wrhal skills.
But they're more\
erb:il
than
1·ou think ... he s;1id.
·
The Kunjufu roundtable
disn1.,,.ion was sprn1"ored by
the
.\larist
College
Libert)'
Panner,hip., Progr:1111.
I
Leonard Fein
\'i'illiam
and Sadie Effron.
long-time civic and cultural
leaders
in the community.
began the
lecture
series to
increase awareness of le\\·ish
historv.
cultun: and cu;.rent
affair; and ha\ e supported the
programs al .\lari.,L for
17
con-
secutive ye;Ir.,. Professor .\lihon
Teichman. ccxmlinator of
Marisl's
JC\\
ish Studies pro-
gram. has a~,isted with org;1niz-
ing
throughout the years.
Previous lecturers ha\'e in-
cluded Chaim
Potok.
Charles
Silbemi;m, lr\'ing
I lowe.
David
Wyman. Morris
Abram.
and
Stephen
1\I.
Berk.
I
23
































24
0 MME
1
TAR
Y
Hong Kong U.S.A.
What if Hong Kong was an American Territory?
TIIE
INDUSllUOUS
BRITISII
colony of
Hong Kong,
/409
square
miles
in area and with a
population
of 5.8
million, \\'ill
be
handed
back
to
China
in 1997.
Chief spoil of
Britain"s Opium
War
victories over
imperial
China, Hong Kong is regarded
today
as one of
the
world's
leading
export,
financial, tourist
and trading centers. Its 1989
gross domestic product
of S57
billion exceeds that of Greece,
the Philippines and
'ew
Zealand. Economist Milton
Friedman
has called
Hong Kong
the world's
best example of
free
enterprise
in action.
Since the
Sino-British
Decla-
ration on
the 1997
return
of
Hong Kong, many
educated
professionals and managers have
sought
passports lo protect
their
families from the
Communist
take
over
in five
years.
Despite
the
feared
change.
Hong Kong's
economy continues
to nourish
and there is
almost
no unem-
ployment because
of
the
Chinese
work ethic.
Colony
residents
seeking greater
democracy
and
representation protest Britain's
submission
to China's demands
for
a strong
role in Hong Kong's
current
affairs.
Therefore,
before
departing
Hong Kong, where I had
been
teaching
and
conducting
re-
search
during most
of
the 1980s,
to
join
the
Mari~t
College faculty,
I
published two
articles on
I long
Kong which
considered
the
"what
if'
question. Throughout
its ISO-year history before
and
since
its
cession
to the British,
Americans have
always
been
involved
with
I
long Kong,
especially
in
trade
and shipping,
made
possible
by its
magnificent
natural harbor.
Although the
United Staies
was neutral during the Opium
Wars
of
the 19th century,
Ameri-
can
warships
accompanied and
supported
the British forces.
During 1hat Lime, Americans
were
involved
in the
opium
trade
and
coolie
slave
trade
that
was responsible
for
the misfor-
BY
ALBERT
H.
y
EE
tune
of hundreds of millions of
Chinese. In fact. according
10
Peter
Freuchen 's
Book of
the
Seuen Seas,
American clipper
ships, famed
for
their
swiftness
and
beaury
as
,;lea
clippers,"
should
have been known as
"opium
clippers.''
Although they
hauled tea.
silk and
many
other
highly
desired goods to the U.S.
and
Europe, the
clippers
were
used
for the
lucrative
smuggling
of
opium from fndia
and
Turkey
to Hong Kong
and Chinese
ports.
Despite
the
nefarious in-
volvemenl of American clippers
and merchanls with opium and
coolie slaves, shipped in U.S.
vessels
mainly
to
Latin Amerirn,
America's role
in
Hong Kong
seems more wonhy of
praise
than I3ritain
;md China. For
example,
pressure
by the l:.S.
caused
the British
to
stop
the
sale of opium
in Hong Kong
and
Asia.
Today,
America
conlributcs
significanlly
to I-long Kong's
economic stability.
Approxi-
mately
900 U.S. firms have
offices in
the
colony and U.S.
banks have S99
billion depos-
ited
there.
With American in-
vestments of about S7
billion.
there
are
158
U.S. controlled
factories in
Hong Kong.
The
Japanese are also
increasing
their presence
with S3
billion
in
im·esu11ents
between I 989 and
1991. Hong Kong is
vitally
imponant
lO
America. For
ex-
ample,
the British
colony im-
ports from the
U.S.
three
times
as much
as
the Japanese.
Because
of
its
imponance
to
this country,
Americans
are
concerned about
Hong Kong·s
autonomy after China regains
conlrol
in 1997. Americans
also
wonder
to
what
degree
will the
colony continue
to
enjoy
its free
enter-
prise
system under
China's communist
system.
This
appre-
hension about
I
long
Kong's future
makes
the scenario raised
earlier
more relevant.
especially to
Ameri-
c;ins
with
a
f1nancial
interest
there.
If
history
had been
different,
the
Stars
and Stripes
could be Oying over
I-long Kong
today. :":ol
as far-fetched as ii
may seem,
I-long Kong
l1.S.A.
could
have
come about
from
any
number
of events, such as
the destruction
of
the
US,\'
,Haine
at
H;1vana. \\'hich led to
the :1cquisition
of the
Philip-
pines
and
Puerto Rico. Also, as
British
authorities have noted,
relations bet\\'een the
Chinese
and
Americans
11re
typically
good and
the
Chinese
favored
the
Americans
over
the British.
This was
due
lO
the
"Yankees"'
friendlier
and more
humane
treatment
of
the
Chinese.
;\'evenheless,
because of
the anti-communist
stance
in
the
United States,
I
am sure that
there would
have heen
more
resistan<:<.:
in
this country to
lllrning over
Hong Kong
lO
thl::
Chinese. Thal.
however. is not
the
case in
Britain. I long Kong
is the first British
possession in
history
that will
not be given
self
rule,
If the
his101y of that
region
had evolved differently,
Hong
Kong might
have
been a
U.S.
possession, such as Guam and
Puerto Rico, where
the people
enjoy full rights as citizens.
Or
it
might have heen
independent.
such as
the Philippines,
or even
a
state, such as
I Iawaii. As
Japan
auacked
I-long Kong the
same
day it
bombed Pearl
I [arbor. the
World War
I[
war
c,y
might
have
been:
"Remember
Pearl Harbor
and Hong Kong'"
I
Dr. Albert I I. Yee
is
a Di,ti11-
g11ished
\lisili11g
Professor
of
Ed11catio11a/
Psychology
at
Marist
College.
Before
coming
to
,1/arisl,
l'ee ta11gb1
and
cond11c1ed
re-
search
i11
!long Kong.
While !here,
be
had
p11
blisbed
tu
v
a,t
ides
Iba!
speculated on
!long Ko11g
as
m1
American territo/1',
Yees
i11lerest
011
the
i111pac1
of
191h
cen-
11111•
Si110-Brilish
relationships
l/'CIS
capt1111:d
in his
book,
A
People
Misruled:
The Chinese
Stepping-Stone Syndrome ..
/I
1msfirst p11bll,hed
in
1989 by
a
Hong Ko11g
1111irersi{J'
press. An
enlarged second edi1io11
11'il/
be
published later this
year
by
Heinemann
Asia.
J\IARIST MAGAZINE
•
1992




















OMMENTARY
Unleash America's
Banks
Changing the rules that govern banking is a key to
America's industrial
transformation
MAf,.ry
AMERICAN POLICY
makers
blame Japan
for
causing
the
nation's
economic difficul-
ties. Some politicians are now
pushing hard to adopt anti-
Japanese protectionist
mea-
sures. The
trade imbalance,
however. is only a symptom of
deep
industrial
problems
that
require serious attention.
The
answer to
these prob-
lems is
not to
impede
Japanese
companies· ability to sell their
products
to American consum-
ers.
A beuer
approach
is for
the
United States
to
make funda-
mental
changes
in
the niles that
govern
fimincial institutions.
Reforms that
enhance
the
ability
of
American
companies to raise
capital will also enhance their
ability
10
compete globally.
Competition
in the
United
States
is
stifled
in rwo
funda-
mental ways that
are so en-
demic they
are
hardly
recog-
nized.
First,
nearly
every
impor-
tant industry
is
dominated
by a
few
companies. Sometimes. the
industry
leader
has revenues
that are
twice
the
next
competitor's. Such
industries
now
include autos, chemicals
and computers.
More
com-
monly,
t\VO
to
four companies
dominate 40
to
80 percent of a
markec. This is
true of aero-
space. building
materials.
com-
puter
chips,
metals,
petroleum
refining. pharmaceutic-.ils.
soaps. cosmetics and some
high-tech industries
among
others.
Japanese markets are
less
concentrated. Usually six to
eight companies share about 80
percent of a
market. Where
an
indusuy
leader
emerges-as in
autos
and
consumer electron-
ics-a
tier
of
five to
six compa-
nies will bunch up
close behind
to
divide
the remaining
market
share
about
equally. Competi-
tiveness is
so
fierce
that
market-
share
rankings
shift among
companies, both from one
geographical
market
to
the next
and
over
time, more frequently
than
in the
United States.
BY DONALD
J.
CALISTA
MARISTMAGAZlNE
•
1992
Second, Japanese compa-
nies
are much smaller than their
American counterparts. Until
recently, there has
been no
Japanese manufacturing-related
concern with more than 100.000
employees except for the
nation's
phone
company. More
than 20 companies in the United
States are
that
large.
G.M.'s auto sales are only
twice Toyota's, yet
its
auto work
force of 400.000 is four
times
Toyota ·s.
Admittedly. Japanese
companies are affiliated into
networks
of
keiretsu,
and,
added
together.
some of these
groupings of concerns are
large.
l3ut despite their
close ties,
member
companies
remain
autonomous and do business
with other
Japanese
companies
outside
the keiretsu.
Japan
has
avoided the dual
problems of
dominance
and
largeness
in
pan because of the
influence
hanks have
in shaping
company strategies.
Banks
are
allowed to own up
to
5 perccnl
of a company's shares.
Because
banks are shareholders as well
as
lenders,
they tend
to
be
watchful investors,
and compa-
nies
are better able to
plan
for
the long haul.
What has
been
overlooked. however. is the
way banks shape
the
competi-
tiveness
of Japan's entire
indus-
trial
stnicture.
There arc only about 150
banks
in
Japan. and
they
are
highly competitive. No one
bank
dominates
becal1se only
marginal differences in
assett,
separnle Japan's 10
leading
banks. These banks create a sort
of level playing field for their
keiretsu member~.
In
contrast,
competition
in
the American banking
indus1ry
is lopsided.
Japan·s
18th-largest
bank has about
the
same assets
as Citicorp, the l'nited States·
LOp
banking company.
Yet Citicorp's assets
are nearly twic·e as
large
as the
next
American bank. The
size of banks follow-
ing also drops quick!)',
and so on down
the
trail
of
12.000
banks.
Too
few good
banks
have
sufficient assets
to
make investments
large enough for a
promising company to make a
research or
1echnological
break-
through.
In
the L'nited States. there
is
too
much of
,1
dependence on
venture capitalists and pen:-,ion
,incl mone)' managers. The
former do not have enough
capital.
and the
lauer do not
take
a long enough
,·iew in
inveMing in
the
n,uion·s
indus-
uy. Changing the
rules that
govern banking is a ke) to
Amerirn's industrial
transforma-
tion.
Three
basic
reforms need
to be developed
to
strengthen
the global competiti,·eness of
the nation·s economy.
•
The centerpiece
is to
allow banks
to
hold limited
equity positions in corporations.
•
The next change calls for
banking regulations
10
cuhi,·ate
10 to
20 national megabank~.
The result
will
be fe\\'er and
bigger
banks,
,111d
they
will
create gremer competition
among
more
equal!)' endowed
emerging busines$eS. As in
Japan.
banks
will not
want to
miss out in supporting
ne\\'
industries or innovations.
•
The
third reform
\\'ill
probably be most
painful.
It
calls for reducing
the
number of
the
nations banks by ldf. lkgu-
lators should not he helping
ailing savings and loan associa-
tion:, but
eliminating them more
quickly.
These three changes will
encourage megabanks
to de-
velop networks of
well-financed
,ind,
thereby beuer-positioned
companies.
A;;
in
Japan.
b,111k
concentr.llion will face
built-in
market restrain~~ that
dissuade
banks or allied companies
from
dominating
an
indus-
liy
or growing
ICX)
large. Nothing short of
revolutionizing
Ameri-
cans· distrust of pow-
erful banks will solve
the
nation's
long-
standing industrial
problems.
Protection-
ism
is not the way
togo.
Dr. D011a/d
/.
Calista
L~ director of
the
Craciuate
Center for Public Policy
ell
,\lfarist
College and a
recent
!-'11/brigbt
Sd10/ar in
Japan.
Copyright
©1992
by
The :-1ew
York
Times Company.
Reprinted
by Permission.
25






















26
0 MME
N
TAR
Y
Trivial
Pursuit
Public policy issues are ignored as presidential
campaigns focus on character
concerns
As TI-IE AMERICAN ELECTOR-
ATE
finds
itself in
the middle of
the current presidential contest,
quadrennial questions about the
quality of our
political
cam-
paigns inevitably
re-emerge.
It is
not
surprising that there is grow-
ing
concern among many politi-
cal analysts about the trend in
recent elections for candidates to
pursue office without offering
dearly defined issue positions.
Instead, political campaigns
increasingly base their appeal on
the lowest
common denomina-
tor
and concentrate on exposing
the flaws of
their
opponents
through negative advenising and
the like. This trivial pursuit of the
presidency has been matched by
the media ·s coverage of photo
opportunities, its use of sound-
bircs, and
its
general emphasis
on character issues rather than
the
more substantive public
policy concerns facing the
government.
Meeting the social and
economic challenges here at
home
and
the
foreign policy
demands
placed
on
the
first
pose-Cold War
president
will
require
great insight and leader-
ship of whomever
the
voters
pick on election clay. Yet,
the
depth of the candidates' delib-
erations and the media's cover-
age of events on
the
campaign
hustings have been generally
less ·than satisfactory. Whether
the
candidates will pitch their
appeals
to
a higher standard and
whether che media \viii
rise
co
the challenge and provide useful
information
about
the
candidates
and their stands on the vi cal
issues
of
the
clay remain
in
doubt.
Concern over the quality
of our campaigns peaked
in
the
presidential election of
1988
when visual
images
replaced
issues as
the
currency of
American politics. Despite the
on-going serious social and
economic problems confronting
the
nation, the dominant
recol-
lections
from the last presiden-
tial campaign have more ro do
BY LEE
M. M
IRJNGOFF
with Michael Dukakis riding in a
tank and George Bush
touring
one flag factory after another,
than they have to do with
candid,1tes and their platforms.
The hoopla of American
electioneering is a
time-honored
tradition. But never before had it
controlled the
thoughts
and
activities of the two major parry
candidates and the press cover-
ing their campaigns more than it
did in
1988.
These shortcomings
of the
1988
presidential cam-
paign are reflected in the fact
that the gap
in
American politics
between
running
for office and
governing has never been wider.
As a
result. the
eventual winner
assume:; office without a dear
mandate and
the
electorate
is
deprived of an imponant ele-
ment of political accountability.
It is unclear to what extent
the presidential election of 1992
will signal an improvement
in
the
level
of dialogue on the
campaign
trail
and in
the
quality
of media
coverage
provided to
the electorate.
Unfonunatdy.
the same recession which has
drawn the attention of all of the
candidates is also
limiting
the
resources available to the media
to
cover the campaign. The
networks are increasingly resort-
ing to
pooled coverage of
campaign eventS. The
time available to
reporters to
follow
the candidates has,
accordingly, been
curtailed.
This resource
limitation, norwith-
stancling, the current
campaign for presi-
dent commenced
last
fall with attention
focused more on the
meanderings of New York's
Governor Mario Cuomo than it
did on the activities of the
armouncecl candidates. Since
then,
a great deal of the cam-
paign coverage has dealt with
the horserace elements. who
is
ahead and behind. momentum
and slippage, front-runner:, and
long-shots. The jury is still out
on \Yhether the candidates will
develop issue stands and por-
tray
themselves
convincingly,
and whether the media will
focus
more
on issues and candi-
dates' positions as the campaign
heals up.
When candidates provide
leadership on issues and impor-
tant concerns are reflected
in
the political dialogue.
AmeriGtns respond both
by
becoming more interested in
politics and by voting.
Viewership of the early tele-
vised clebmes indicates, how-
ever. that the political hangover
experienced during the
1988
campaign has not totally lifted.
In
1988.
only 57 percent of the
adult population voted for
president. At a time when
democratic values are being
trumpeted
in
many corners of
the world,
the lack
of panicipa-
tion in this democracy should
not be accepted.
Hopefully. with the political
conventions this summer and the
campaign this fall. a renewed
interest. so vital to the successful
functioning of
the
democracy,
will occur. This
transformation
is
likely to follow only from an
improvement in
the
level of
dialogue on the campaign tn1il
and an emphasis on more sub-
stanti\'e concerns by the media.
Regardless of whom
is
elected in I 992. a
more issue-focused
campaign, improved
media covenige of
American politics. and
the resulting
greater
turnout
will provide
for enhanced account-
ability during
the
president"s term. These
will translate
into
better government, a
value shared by all.
I
Dr.
lee
ill. MilinRoff is
c111
assis-
tant prq/essor
of
Political Science
at
.l!arist
College and director of
the
Maris!
Institute
for Public
Opinion.
M.ARIST MAGAZINE•
1992


































AR IS T
PEOPLE
Marist marks Lowell Thomas Centennial
...
MARIST COLLEGE
is keeping
Lhe memory of
Lmn:ll
Thomas
brighL in
this
centennial year of
his
birth, principally with
a
special exhibit in the Lowell
Thomas Communications Center
on c,1mpus.
and
with the
presen-
tation
of
Lowell
Thomas Centen-
nial
Awards
to four men whose
careers
have
been
reminiscent
of
Thomas·s accomplishments
as a
communicator,
innovator, broad-
caster. and explorer.
Al Lhe Explorer's Club in
Manhattan
on
April
6.
100
years
to the
day afterThomas's
birth in
Ohio.
t\lla,ist
President Dennis).
Murray
presented
Lowell Thomas
Centenni;il
Awards lo
Fred
W.
Friendly,
former president of CBS
News and direcror of
the
Colum-
bia
University Seminars on
Media
and Society,
for his
accomplish-
ments
as
a
communicator;
Don
Hewitt,
execuLive producer of
"60 Minutes,"
for
his
contribu-
tions to
broadcast
news
as an
innovator; Dallas Townsend.
Fred W. Friendly, right, makes a point
with
Don Hewitt, Dennis J.
Murray, D:tllas Townsend, and Thomas J. Watson, Jr.
who anchored "CBS
World
News
Roundup"
for
a
quaner centu1y.
for
his record
as a broadcaster;
and Thomas
J.
\Xl,ttson.
Jr .. chair-
man emeritus of
the
IBM
Corpo-
ration. for his exploib as an
explorer.
The Lowell Thomas Commu-
nications
Center at
Marisl, which
houses
the College's communica-
tions
ans
and computer science
depanmenb,
is the
home
also of
two major
exhibitions of
rare
items
from the
L<>"
ell
Thomas
Collection.
Using many of Thomas·s
favorite
photographs, "One
Hundred Images"
provides an
overview of
the
life
and
rimes
of this
pioneer
in
the
communi-
cations
indus-
try. whose
enterpri,es ~panned
more
than
seven
decides.
The
exhibit
also
pro,·ides a "\\'.'ho\
\X'ho"
of
the t\\!::ntieth
century
sin<.·e Thomas befriended
e, ery-
one
from paupers to
presideni,
up
to
his
death
in 1981 This
exhibition
has
been
mounted in
the
Center's
,econd
noor
gallery.
Just
inside
the main
entrance
lO
tlic Center
is
,1
permanent
exhibition of Lowell
Thomas
memorabilia and
related
art\\'ork.
including a bronze
bust
of
Thomas
by
noted sClllptor
Phil
Kraczko\\'ski. >fearb), the
College has mounted an exhibi-
tion
of
rare photogrnphs
,ind
anifacb
brought back
by Thomas
and
his
son.
Lo\\ell,Jr.. from
their
historic
visit
in
19
19
to
the
D:1lai Lama
in
Tibet.
I
Marist professor receives teaching excellence award
Louis C. Zuccarello
MAR!ST MAGAZINE
•
1992
LOI
'IS
C.
Z
l
CC.A
RfLLO
has
enjo}ed an extensive and fniitful
career as an educ.nor. and insists
the
excitement
is
.,till
irnacl.
lie com e1·ed thi, emhusia:-.m
to hundred:-.
t;f
ne,, students and
colleague,,
,ll
rhe Freshman Con-
,·ocation bst September in the
J:11nes.J. :\kCann Recre:tlion
Center. \\'here he delin.•red thl·
keynote address. ";\-lore than 30
years ago. I chose
10
he a
teacher.
Ir
is
a .sacred profe:,sion
and one which I would invite you
to consider." he said
...
,
:1111
crushed when I don·r liYe up to
it., demands bur am o,·erjoyed
by its rewards."
Following hi, rem:1rks,
Zuccarello was presented \\'ith
the 1991 <;ears-Roebuck Founda-
tion
Teaching Excellence ,111d
Campus Leadership A\\'ard.
Zuccarello, a professor of political
science.
is
one of nearly .,00
faculty members being
recog-
nized n:ttionally by the founda-
tion for
their resourcefulness
and
leadership
as an independent
college educator.
"I :unhonored
by this award
which
I
accept nor ,impl) for
myself. but really as an ,1ward
recognizing
the
centrality of
teaching in higher educaLion and
a.s
a
tribute to
these
men and
women \\'ho are my collc.:agues
in the exciting work of tl·,1ching
and
learning,"
said Zuccarello.
"ho wa, nominated
by
hi.,
colleagues.
Zucc1rello pointed out to his
audience th:ll if teachers are
trUl'
to
their
profession. the) \\'Ould
encou1~1ge :,tudenrs
to
he opl'n
to
11<.'\\
ideas and ne\\ L'Xperi-
ence.,.
--,x·e
will join you in
searching for ne,\ understanding
which may ,·er)
"ell
ch:dlenge
the comfon and St.'CurilY
of our
old ways and unreflect~d beliefs.
and ye.~. our prejudicL·~ and
sterl'ot) re~ ... ht' said.
The: Scars Found:ition a\\'ard
program is admmbtc:rc:d nation-
ally by the Stamford. Connecti-
cur-b:1sed Foundation for lnde-
pcndem
I
ligher Educ:1t1on and,
in
\ew
York. b) thl'
Indepen-
dent College Fund of
'\e" York.
Each a\\'ard "·inner recei, es
~I.000
and the institution re-
ceh·l's up to
::>l.'iOO.
Zucrnrello joined the \J;tri,t
facult, in
1966
and. a, chief
academic officer from 19~5 to
1980,
was responsible for the
de,·elopmcnt
of
a major re\'ision
in the College's corl' curriculum
that \\':ts instituted in 19~~.
I

















28
Mental
health
agencies get
information
services
fromMarist
''THE STUDENTS
AR£
THE
EXPERTS,"
says
Roger
Norton
associate
professor
of Com-
puter Science, who paved the
way for Marist
College com-
puter
science graduate students
to
acquire
valuahle internship
and employment experience
through the
Marist Center for
Mental Health Management
Information
Systems.
The
center currently em-
ploys two
graduate students
and
provides
them
with
;m
opportunity
to
work
and
prac-
tice
exactly
what they
are
studying.
The
center
was de,·el-
oped
through
a cont1~1ct
be-
tween
the
Marisr
College Com-
puter
Science
division and
the
Hudson River regional
office or
the
ew
York
state's
Office
of
Mental I lealth.
According
to
Norton,
the
original
contract
wa~
for l\farist
College to
work with regional
mental health
agencies
to
install
Local Area
Networks (LANS)
and
develop dat,ibases. LANS
will
allow
mental health
agen-
cies
to
communicate
with
each
other
and
share software and
data.
Soon, other
mental
health
agencies
in
New
York
State
wanted
to
take advantage or
similar
work
done
at
their
agencies
because they lack
funds
to
provide the
services
themselves.
Included
in
the
work provided by the Marist
graduate
interns
are educational
training services,
LA
1
S
plan-
ning,
system
design
and analy-
sis. and computer timesharing.
Of
the
various services pro-
vided
by the
center,
LANS
installation
and educational
instruction in
a variety or areas,
including
Software Utilization,
Management
and
Professional
Development
Skills,
Interper-
sonal Skills. and
Quality Im-
provement
arc
most widely
used.
"LANS
installation
takes
expenise, and
most
agencies
don't have the manpower or
ARIST
PEOPLE
Roger Norton, left, director of the Mari st Center for Mental Health
Management Information Systems, and graduate student Rajesh
Kothapalli, center, meet with John T. Zanetich of the New York
State Office of Mental Health.
Ann Davis
Marist's
data center
makes
econormc
predictions
Wm
I
MAmsT
COLLEGE\
d<::signation
as
:1st.it<:
data
center last year. it
can
now
accurate!\· forecast the
eco-
nomic fuiure
of
:-.:e" York
State's I Jud,,on Vallev.
The functions
or'the center
,,
ill be carried out
lw
the
Bureau
of Economic Research
directed by Ann Da\is, Assis-
tam
Professor
of
Economics, in
conjunction
,,ith
the informa-
uon sen
ices
or
the
Collegt'
·
s
libr:tf)
and computer center.
Research
will be
conducted
by
Da\'is and
colleague,
Gregory·
Hamilton.
associate
professor
of Economics.
Resulb
of these
findings
will
be made a\'ailable
to
the public. the business
community
and
gm ernment
policy makers.
"As
an economist.
I
think
the I
ludson \'alley
b
a
wry
rich region," Da\'is said.
··1
know
the
State is suppo11i\'e,
but we know our
area
best
and we're
the
people best able
to
do
this.
It's a matter of
focusing on our
strengths and
•.veakne55e.~
and
building on
our strengths ..
,
As a state
data
center
affiliate.
J\.larist
Colk:ge
will be
gin:n access
to
a rnriety of
information. Thi, information
includes economic and demo-
graphic data. collected by the
Census
Bureau.
state agencies.
and
3'1
other
affiliates, eight
or
which are academic institu-
tions.
,\larist
College is the
only academic
afl1liate
in the
1\Iid-1
Iudson
region. This
information,,
ill
be tr:msmitted
through
computer
networks.
compaCL
disks. and hard
cop)
and
made
available ro the
.\Iarist
community.
Other
academic affiliates include
Columbia
l'ni\'ersit)
and
expertise
to
do it
themselves,··
said Norton. He added, "Most
agencies don·t have
the
funds
to offer courses on
informmion
systems." These courses are
offered
through
rhe Marist
Center for Corporate and
Professional Education.
Currently.
the
center has a
contract with Westchester
County and
is
negotiating with
mental he,tlth agencies in
neighboring Ulster County and
the city of Syracuse in Central
Ne\\' York. The center also
hopes
to
obtain a grant
from
the National Institute or Mental
l lealth. "The grant would
enable us
to
expand our appli-
cation
to
include participation
from the Sociology and
Psy-
chology depanments," Nonon
said. In addition. Nonon hopes
10
obtain grants for practical
and research work in Mental
I
lealth Management Care.
I
-Sean Kelly '92
Syracuse L'ni\'ersiry.
,\larist
College's sophisti-
cated
compLHer.
telecommuni-
cations,
and compact
disk
rechnology were among
the
factors
:\cw
York
State offi-
ciab considered in designating
the
college as
an
affiliate.
Davis
said.
"I think
it's verv
exciting
and
significant
b~-
cause the
region
is imponant
in the State," Davis said. "The
better
,·ou
understand
the
econ01;1y.
the better
}'OU
are
going to
try to
figure
Olli
ways
to help
it."
In
addition
to
her
,,ork
with the
Bureau.
Davis pre-
sented a paper. "Determinants
of Educational Performance
in
Public Schools in
;\ew
York
State
l
98'i-89"
to the Eastern
Economics
Associ,Hion in
March. She hopes
to
make the
results
available to the
public,
in particular rhe dialogue on
public
expenditures.
The
paper was
originally
pre-
sented at a conference orga-
nized by the
Hochester Insti-
tute
in
,cw York
State.
Da\'iS
plans to work
with
Greenway. a State program
designed to
prescn-c the
scenic ,·icw of the I Iudson
Ri,·er herween
Albany and
;\e\\ York City. She also wants
to
continue to produce useful
economic analysis
to
stimulate
growth in
the
area and pre-
sen
e
assets in the region.
I
MARlSTMAGAZINE
•
1992
























Linda
L. Dunlap
FOR DEVELOPMENTAL
psychologist Linda Dunlap,
fulfilling
the
part
of the
Maris!
College mission statement
that
states
'we
should
not
only serve
ourselves but
the
community
also"
is
an integral
pan
of
her job.
Dunlap,
an assistant
profes-
sor of
psychology, is
currently
developing an
innovative
com-
puter-based
forum
10
benefit
educators and s!Lldents.
The
John
C. Kelly
ARIST
PEOPLE
Psychology professor proposes
computer-based
forum for educators
project will provide a vehicle
for
accessing
information
on
topics
of
interest
10
psycholo-
gists
through
a modem and
encourage collaborative
re-
search projects between
Marist
College and
local
school district
teachers
and administrators. The
information
will be provided by
members
of the College's fac-
ulty.
The system will also give
faculty
members
access 10
psychology conferences and
allow them to discuss methods
of teaching. Dunlap will be the
lead contact person in accessing
resources
and college experts to
find
solutions to such
problems
as behavior management
in
the
classroom. Dunlap said she
hopes
to expand
the
system to
allow
it to
interface
with
other
colleges,
universities,
and agen-
cies.
..
The most valuable aspect
of
the
project will be allowing
Marist students to do collabora-
tive
research efforts with fac-
ulty, members of the
local
school district, and other agen-
cies
that
serve children with
special needs," Dunlap said.
For the rast
five
years,
Dunlap has worked with 200
children with speech delays
and their parents
in
the SL
Francis
Preschool program
at
St.
Francis
Hospital
in
the
Mid-
Hudson
Valley. She said that
working with children on a
regular basis helps keep
her
focused
and
makes her a better
educator.
In addition,
Dunlap has
been used
regularly
as an
expert source
in
New
York
Times
articles
related
10
chil-
dren
with
special
needs.
She
was
originally contacted
by
the
significant role in this program.
Q,;v
ners of small businesses
become clients of
the
student
consultants and work 10gether
on management strategy and
policy issues
to
solve problems.
SBI assists
these
businesses in
creating annual pbns of opera-
tion and also \Yith the inswlla-
tion of computerized
recordkeeping
systems. TI1ese
small businesses benefit
in
other ways, said Kelly. "\Y/e
assist them in conducting mar-
ket studie~ to try
10
determine
new outlets for their product~.··
he said.
newspaper through the Ameri-
can
Psychological
Association,
which compiles a list of people
who hm·e
done research
in
specific areas.
Dunlap fre-
quently
receives
calls
from
writers
and
now turns
down
about 80
percent
of
them,
she
said.
When
she
does
give
interviews,
she asks that
the
writers highlight
the college.
Articles in which
she
has
been
consulled
have
appeared
in
publications
such as
Ame1ica11
Babyancl Children's Magazine.
Dunlap has
also
made
presentations
at
the Pough-
keepsie YMCA and the
Dutchess
County
Mental Health
Association
where
she is
u·ea-
surer. She said
she hopes to
write
a
book for part:nts of
children
with
special
needs
as
well as cominue
her profes-
sional
research.
I
make an oral presentation
to
the business. said
Kelly.
Kelly, who
is 1he
program·s currem director,
works
with
Herbert Sherman,
assistant professor of busi-
nes..~.
one of two faculty
coordinators. Sherman
worked
with
the
first two
businesses last fall and with
t\\ o of the four sec1ions this
spring. Richard
Barker,
assis-
1:1111
professor of busint:ss, is
coordinator for the other two
sections of the institute.
Students advise small
area businesses
Kelly described SB! as
providing reciprocal benefit;, for
operators of small l)usinesses
and :\larist College students.
"SB! offers experience with
real
problems at the site. It b
applying classroom knowledge
to a real world
issue
while
gelling hands-on experience
with the practitioner," Kelly
said.
Kelly s:1icl he
hopes
10
broaden
the
number of
courses assigned
10
the insti-
tute to include areas such as
product
management. He
abo hopes
rhe
Small Busine:,s
Administration will approve
funding for research in eco-
nomic development.
SMAil.
Bl
1Sli\f$S
0\X'NF.RS
an: going back
10
schcx>I for
help but
the::y
may never
have
to
spend a day in class.
Marist College and the
United States Small Business
Administration
have
agreed to
establish a Small Rusiness
Institute
(SI31) at the College
10
provide free expert con-
sulting services to small
busint:ss owners
in the
,\lid-
Hudson region. Federal
guidelines define small busi-
MARISTMAGAZINE
• 1992
nesses as those emerpriscs that
employ less
than
500 people.
So far, a financial
services
firm
and an electronics manufacturer
have benefited from the SB!.
The institute
is
currently work-
ing with two manufacturing
firms.
a
retailer and a
company
that rrovicles business services.
According
to
John
C.
Kelly,
divisional chair of the manage-
ment studies derartment. Marist
College upper-le\·el manage-
ment students are rlaying a
SB! se1Yes as the capping
course
which
encompasses
the
essemial skill, and knowledge
upper-level management stu-
denLs must have before moving
into 1he job market. Each sec-
tion of the
course
is assigned
to
a different company where
stude111s
mw,t ide111if, prob-
lems.
devise
solutions, and
The SB! program, estab-
lished
hy
the
Small
Business
Administration in
1972,
now
operates
~ll
600 colleges
,md
universities nationwide, but
has not existed in the Hudson
\·alley
betwet!n Albany and
the
NC\\
York City metropoli-
tan area until now. The
program
is credited with
helping approximately
140,000 small
businesses
in
tl1e last
19
years.
I
29



























30
ARI
ST
PEOPLE
Poet harvests ideas from language
Judith Saunders
Junrm
SAUNDERS,
who
has been writing
poetry since
she
was IS
years old, says
her
ideas
come
from
eve1ywhere-
conversations, trips. and even
Marist
College.
"Marist
is part
of
my life,
so
I
get
some of
my
inspiration from
it,
.. said Saunders.
An
associate
professor
of
English,
Saunders
said
like many writers, her ideas
are
formed
during the
actual
writing process.
"Working with
the language gives
you
ideas
that
you
didn't
think you had.'.
she said.
·The
way you stan
to
write
a
poem
influences
the
poem
you write.'"
Saunders said she seeks
to
create a '·mental
picture
and
mood"
in her poetzy. In a
poem
about
the
Painted Desert, set in
the
Southwestern Cnited States,
she described the landscape as
a '"crumbly dese1t outpost°· once
inhabited
by
martians.
In
addition to her recem
publication in
the
American
University's
literazy
quarterly.
Folio.
Saunder's poetzy has also
appeared
in
Poe/ .lfagazine, The
A1t
Times.
and Oxalis. She has
also written several humorous
and satiric essays as well as
a
short stozy,
which was
pub-
lished
in
the
Xorlh
American
Revieu•.
Her
Olher credits
in-
clude
pieces
of litera1y criticism
on several
writers,
including
Edgar Allan
Poe. Henry
David
Understanding
Washington
D.C.
Finding a niche in Washington's polltical corridors
APRIL AMONICA
has had
rwo
career ambitions ever
since childhood. She has
wanted
to
be president of the
United Swtes or become a
political
journalist.
She has
not abandoned
those
aspira-
tions,
and
has
recently come
within throwing distanct: of
both. The Marisl College
senior
recently
had
the
op-
portunity
to function in
the
shadow of the presidency
while working with some
distinguished members of
the
nation's political
press
corps.
Amonica, an Emerson,
New Jersey
resident,
was
chosen by members of .'vlarist
College's history and political
science faculty to represent
Marist College at the Center
for the Study of the Presi-
dency
in
March 1991. She
was selected
later
as a Center
Fellow for the 1991-92
academic year.
Amonica's selection
by
Dr.
R.
Gordon Hoxie, presi-
dent of the Center, as one of
28 Center Fellows from a
field of approximatdy 600
other college students. is
testimony
to
her determin:1-
tion to realize her
dreams.
According to Amonica, the
fellowship was the
ideal
experience because ..
,
have
had the chance
to
intera<.·t
v.
ith different people at
Aprll Amonica, Marist
College senior, who was a fellow at
the
Center for the
Presidency
in Washington, D.C., is greeted by
Ruth
Farkas,
chairman of the Center.
different levels of the govern-
ment. while gaining
insight into
the political
prexes;,.··
As a Center Fellow, A.monica
traveled to
\X'ashington.
D.C. last
June to altend the First Annual
Business Leaders· Symposium on
the Presidency sponsored by the
Center and
Fmtune
.Hagazi11e.
After panels addressed the issue
of leadership. the Center hon-
ored General Colin Powell.
chairman of the Joint Chiefs of
Staff; Senator Charles Robb ( D-
Va.); and Cla>1on Yeuner, chair-
man of the Republican :--:ational
Committee.
··1
not only int<:racted
with other students here. but
ll'ilh scholars as well ... said
Amonica. '"I! \\'as fascinating to
rub shoulders with these people
and speak
with
them."
As a
requirement
of her
fellowship. A..monica \isited
Richmond. Virginia. to panid-
pale in the Center's 22nd Annual
Leadership Conference. During
the
thre<:!-day
event, go\·ernment
Thoreau, Virginia
\X'oolf.
and
Edith
Wha1ton.
During
the
spring semester.
Saunders taught an
interdiscipli-
na1y
capping course
with
Richard Lewis,
assistant
profes-
sor of
Art. The
course, '"Twenti-
eth-Centwy
Painters
and
Poets.··
combined an
and literature
and
was offered
as
an alternative
to
the standard capping courses.
As part
of
the
course work,
students
majoring
in English
were asked to write poems
about the
paintings
clone by the
an
majors,
and the an
majors
were
asked to
paint pictures
based on poems created by
the
English majors.
-Sea11
Kelly
'92
official:,, scholars, and Center
Fellows disrnssed "America's
Bill of
Rights
at
200
Year:, and
the
:S,:e\v
Democracies ...
Arnonica was moderator for
·James .'vlaclison
and the Origin
of
the Bill
of
Rights," the
conference's opening panel.
Amonica said her im·olve-
ment
,vith
the panel of political
journalists that concluded the
Center meetings was one of
her most memorable experi-
ences. She was particularly
impressed
with
the
impact
journalists such as Charles
\X'.
Corddzy,
defense
correspon-
dent for
the
Baltimore
Sun.
have. "I want
to
be a journalist
so that I may be an educ-.ator of
scx·iety. an
interpreter
of sig-
nificant e\'ents. and an analyst
of critical
issues:·
said
Amonica,
who has a double
major in communication
art,
and political science. I kr
acti,·ities al
the
Center dre\\'
from discipline., she had al-
read\' learnt:d at :-..1arist.
such as
deb;te and public speaking
tactics. She applied
these
classroom experiences at the
Center's /'.lanhattan headquar-
ters. where she briefed the
board of trustees on
Nm·ember·s Leadership
Conference.
"I de\'eloped some b.~ting
relationships through my
experience,; with the Center, ..
Amonica notes
...
, expect to
interact
with
man\ of these
people on a professional basis
later
on."
I
-Megan
McDo1111elJ
'92
MARIST MAGAZl:-.IE
•
1992



































EVERYONE RECOGNIZES TI IE
signs of
middle
age in
his
own
way, hut as a
member
of
the
community of poll-takers-a
somewhat
idiosyncratic
group-[
have
chosen
to
rely
on
the
only
way
I
know
to
come
to terms
with
my
changing status in
life:
public
opinion. Students of
public
opinion always want to
know more about
the
body
politic;
I
want
to know more
about how the public
views
this
not-so-gracefully
aging body.
A
few years ago, as my fourth
decade
was
drawing
to a close,
I
had
the idea
to
include as
pa11
of
the spring survey conducted by
the
Marist
College
Institute
for
Public
Opinion, a seemingly
innocent
question.
New York
State voters
were
asked whether
they
consider
36
years of age
to
be
young, middle-aged or old.
I
ended a
press
conference
in
Albany
on
'ew
York
Governor
Mario M. Cuomo's approval
rating
by informing the as-
sembled journalists
that
the
overwhelming
number
of New
Yorkers
believed this age to be
young.
A
brief
silence
in the
room
was followed by a question
from
a
similarly aged
reporter.
Searching
for relevance, he
asked
my
year of birth.
A
chuckle
followed and
the
room
emptied.
Each year since,
I
have
repeated
the
practice
of asking
New Yorkers
to assess
the
age of
my
favorite
pollster.
(Of course,
the
age
asked
about was
in-
creased by "one" each year.)
Last
spring,
the key question
posed
was:
"Do you consider 40
to
be
young,
middle-aged
or old?''
As
a student of
public
opin-
ion, I
have
done
what any
good
pollster
would do-look at
the
numbers. Public
opinion
in
New
York
on
my
age
has
shifted.
In
1987
for example,
81
percent
of
New
Yorkers
believed
36
years of
age
was young,
compared
to 18.7
percent
who viewed
it
as
middle-
aged, and 0.3 percent who con-
sidered
it
as old.
The
pattern has
held
each year-until
now!
The
current survey
reveals
that
58.2
percent
of ew Yorkers believe
40 years of age is young com-
pared
to
41.1 percent
who
see
it
as
middle-aged.
and 0.8 percent
who
consider
it
as old.
The best spin
I
can muster is
that
people
my
age
are still
viewed
as
young (especially by
those
older
than
30)
but they
are
increasingly
seen as
middle-aged.
Lest
the
reader
consider
ew
BY LEE
M.
M
IRINGOFF
iVLARIST
MAGAZIKE
•
1992
ARI
ST
PEOPLE
Pollster surveys
voters
on start of middle age
Yorkers to be arypical, a
na-
tional sample
revealed
similar
attitudes.
Although
I
reluctantly
accept
the
voice of public opinion
about my age,
I
also
know
1hat
numbers
alone
never
completely
convey a poll's full
meaning,
especially a
poll
that deals with
the years of one·s
life.
In
addition
to taking count of the growing
number
of gray
hairs, I
also
renect upon
memories of
pass-
ing
years and evenlS
that
have
occurred during
the
four de-
cades of my
lifetime.
On May 3,
1951,
Casey
Stengel's New
York
Yankees had
the
biggest
ninth
inning
in
league history when they scored
Baby
Boomers
and still
counting
11 runs
that afternoon to beat
the St.
Louis Browns 17
to 3.
A11hough
that
baseball season
is
best
remembered
for
the
shor
heard
·round
the world
and
Russ
Hodges' proclamation:
'The
Giants win the
pennant. the
Giants win
the pennant," I
am
always quick to add: "But, the
Yankees
won
the
series, the
Yankees
won the series!''
Harry
Truman was
winding
down
as our
nation's
thirty-third
president,
the
world was just
beginning
to
understand
the
atrocities of
the
Second
World
War, nearly
a quarter of a million
U.S. ground
troops
were in
Korea,
many Americans
were
just beginning to
understand
the
realities
of the
Holocaust,
the
cold
war
was well established.
It
was also
the
day
I
was
born.
Although this Little
Leaguer"s
favorite baseball
team
would
soon dismantle, May
1961
was a
great time for the Bronx Bomh-
ers. Mantle, Maris.
Howard
and
Ford were
all
having memo-
rable seasons. The national
mood
emanating from the
White House was one of opti-
mism. although
the
dreams of
Camelot would soon be dashed.
The seeds of our Vietnam
involvement ,vere already
planted, although news of
hostilities
had
not yet
reached
home. Tensions over civil
rights
were bre,ving.
By
May
1971,
the Vietnam
War lingered into
a new decade.
The
bombing of No11h Vietnam
sta11ed when
I
was in
the
eighth
grade and
the
war
did not
encl
until
after my second year of
graduate school. The
War
on
Poverty, among other things,
had been eclipsed by this
na-
tional tragedy. Memories of
assassinations continued to
blight
the country's political
landscape.
By May 1981. hostages
had
brought down an administration.
America was beginning a
period
of
re-armament.
New words,
such as safery
net,
trickle
down
and global warming, were
to
characterize our politics
in
the
Reagan
years.
And
old words,
like
recession,
trade
imbalance
and budget deficit, would take
on
deeper meaning.
A
new
wave
of domestic policy
decisions
and
tax policies
widened
the
gap
between
rich
and poor.
Hunger,
homelessness,
infant mortality
and
a
failed educational system
no
longer
seemed
like
isolated
problems.
Television now
dominated
our electoral theater
and the gap between
running
for office and governing
ch,ingecl the way public officials
were
held
accountable.
Soundbites.
PACs
and
negative
advertising
replaced
policy.
issues and programs as the
limguage of political discourse.
Now. as
middle
age selS in,
I
have
a
renewed
interest
in
the
pinstripes, although
I
am older
than any active Yankee.
Where
have you gone, Tommy
John?
I
am also renec1ing, more
impo11antly,
on
the
meaning of
the
social
and
political experi-
ences
that have
shaped my
lifetime and
thinking
about what
the
future
may
hold.
I
find my-
self more impatient for
a
shift
in
our
priorities
and for significant
progress
to
solve our
domestic
problems.
Certainly, Americans who
doubt our abiliry to solve
a
national
crisis can
take
heart
in
our
international
effo11s. Lasting
the
length of
a
TV
miniseries,
The
Persian
Gulf
War
proved
that
America
can provide
hous-
ing. education, health care and
transportation in an alcohol-
and
drug-free
environment for
more than
a half-million
Ameri-
cans
halfway
around
the
world.
In
my 40th year,
rd
like
to
see us
harness
our
nation's resources
to
do
the same here at
home.
After
all, the New
York
Yankees used to win
champion-
ships
with
regularity.
The
fact
that
they haven't
for a
long
lime
does
not mean that
they can't or
won't.
The same holds
true
for
our
nation
as
it
faces
mounting
domestic
crises. I do
not
accept
that
the dreams of a
peace
dividend
are buried
in the
sands
of
Iraq
or
locked
behind vaults
in
boardrooms of our Savings
and Loans.
We need to
chart a
new
and more vigorous direc-
tion
to
be
all
that we
can be on
the home front,
as well.
I
am sure that by May
200
I,
the
survey data on
how
the
public views 50 years of age will
leave no doubt as to my middle-
aged status. By
that
time,
I
am
hopeful that America
will un-
dergo
a renewal of
its
domes1ic
agenda and achieve this long-
awaited measure of greatness.
I
lee
M.
Miri11gojf
retired in 1963
as
second
basema11
for
the
Poughkeepsie
Giants
Lillie
League
Team. He
directs
the
Marist
College
/11stit11tefor
Pub-
lic
Opinion in
Poughkeepsie,
,\'l'.






















32
Marist College Takes Lead in Marking Centennial
Remembering
Lowell Thomas
VERY
FEW
PEOPLE
can claim
to
have
lived
eve,y clay
to
its
fullest potential, hut
to
Lo\\·ell
Thomas,
this was
a ;;acred
creed.
I Ii:, remarkable
life as
a communicator,
innovator,
broadcaster and explorer
was
a
testimony to this tenet.
Born
on
April
6,
1892.
in
Woodington,
Ohio,
Thomas
devoted most
of
his
89 years
to
the
explorarion and communi-
carion of
ideas and
information.
His
father
I
!any,
a doctor
and
his
mo1her Harriet,
a school
reacher,
were
perfect parents
for
a child
with
an
inquiring,
acquisitive
mind.
A prolific
writer, he
wrote
55 books and
thousands
of
articles and
letters.
By 1976,
when he
brought his long
and
distinguished career as a radio
broadcaster
to a dose, Thomas
had logged
more
than
12,000
daily broadcasrs. He
did
not,
however,
go into
retirement.
He
immediately
proceeded
on
a
new project,
"Lowell
Thomas
Remembers,"
a 44-pa11 televi-
sion series for the
Public
Broadcasting
Service.
I
le
con-
tinued to
tum
out several
more
books.
For 46 years, Thomas·
radio
broadcasts provided an invalu-
able
link
herween most
Ameri-
cans and rapidly evolving
world events.
-During part
of
that rime,
he was also
the
familiar
voice of Fox
Movietone
t
ewsreels on
which more than
25
million
movie goers
had
Lowell Thomas
in
his
study
holds
the
tooth of
an
Arctic narwhale.
Behind him is
a portrait of
Lawrence
of
Arabia
whom
he
covered
while a correspondent.
come
to rely
each week.
His
was a career
that
established
many
"firsts."
He
was the
first
to
broadcast
from
an airplane, a
ship, a
helicoprer,
a submarine
and a coal mine.
His
determination
10
make
every clay count, did
not
dimin-
ish
as
he
grew older.
This
passion for making meaningful
contributions
is reflecred
in
his
autobiography which
he wrote
0
I.
at age 84. "Although
I have
never
brooded about
time's
winged
chariot
hurrying
near;··
he
said. "I am philosophical
enough
to
be aware
that
it's
hack there somewhere, gaining,
and still so
many
things
10
do!"
During
a
rich
and exciting
lifetime,
Thomas,
who founded
a
major
communications em-
pire.
managed to fly more
rhan
6 million miles as a
passenger
and carried the Explorers
Club
flag
on 15 expeditions
to
every
continent.
He
once described
his travels
as a conrinuous
search for
raw
story
materials
for
his
books,
lectures
and
films.
"If
you're
bound to travel
the
Golden
Road to
Samarkand,
no
matter
what,
that's a
happy
way to
make a living,"
he
said.
Lowell
Thomas
had a
special interest
in
Marist
Col-
lege.
And the College, in turn,
is continuing
10
help preserve
his memory
and
his
vasr contri-
butions
to the field
of commu- -
nications. In 1981, the
College
conferred an
hononary degree
on Thomas.
The
College
established an annual
Lowell
Thomas Award in
1983
to
honor
individuals who's
work
exemplifies excellence
in rhe
communication
industry.
Marist College opened
the
Lowell
Thomas
Communica-
tions Center
in 1978.
It
cur-
rently
houses
several exhibits
that illustrate
the highlights
of
the life
and
times
of
Lowell
Thomas.
I
Thomas prepares
to do one
of his nightly
radio
broadcasts.
Lowell Thomas
on expedition
in Malaya,
circa
1921.
Franklin D. Roosevelt
with
Thomas
at
a
charity baseball game in
Hyde Park.
MARJST
MAGAZJNE
•
1992


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